Disease relevance of Cochlear Duct

• However, at E13, the projections from both the vestibular and the acoustic ganglion (i.e, cochlear duct) were both NF-66 positive [1].
• Kanamycin toxicity was evident in the cochlear ducts of neonates exposed from days 8 to 16 postnatally [2].
• The endolymphatic-perilymphatic shunt operation between the scala media and scala tympani was performed in 22 guinea pigs with endolymphatic hydrops induced by the silver nitrate injection method 2 months before the operation [3].

Psychiatry related information on Cochlear Duct

• Volumetric changes of the scala media were histologically investigated in normal guinea pigs to see whether glycerol-induced volumetric change of the scala media followed a biphasic course similar to the auditory threshold in the glycerol test [4].

High impact information on Cochlear Duct

• The organ was loaded with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-3, and the cochlear electric responses to low-level tones were recorded through a microelectrode in the scala media [5].
• However, Gbx2 promotes ventral fates such as the saccule and cochlear duct, possibly by restricting Otx2 expression [6].
• In situ hybridization revealed that genes for three Frizzled receptors, c-Fz1, c-Fz7, and c-Fz10, are expressed in and adjacent to sensory primordia, while Wnt4 is expressed in adjacent, nonsensory regions of the cochlear duct [7].
• Results indicate that RARalpha, RXRalpha, and RXRgamma are initially expressed throughout the cochlear duct [8].
• Expression was also detected in many nonneuronal cell populations including the choroid plexus, cochlear duct, and olfactory epithelium [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cochlear Duct

• The present study indicated that the secondary increase in the volume of the scala media following glycerol intake played an important role in the rebound phenomenon in the glycerol test, although the mechanism underlying the hearing loss with the endolymphatic hydrops remains to be elucidated [4].

Biological context of Cochlear Duct

• These results suggest: (1) kanamycin does not have any permanent toxic effects on the rat cochlear duct during gestation and the first week of postnatal life [2].
• We therefore recorded single fiber activities, compound action potential (CAP) and endocochlear potential (EP) during application of salicylate (calculated final concentration of about 2-18 mmol/l) into the scala media of pigeons [10].
• Effects of adenylate cyclase activation on electrical resistance of scala media [11].

Anatomical context of Cochlear Duct

• FGFR3 was also expressed at high levels in differentiating hair cells of the cochlear duct, but was not detected in other sensory epithelia [12].
• The isepamicin concentrations in the cochlear duct tissue (organ of Corti plus lateral wall) and the cochlear nerve tissue were determined separately [13].
• Meg3/Gtl2 RNA expression increased in the developing otocyst and localized to the spiral ganglion, stria vascularis, Reissner's membrane, and greater epithelial ridge (GER) in the cochlear duct [14].
• ATP-mediated K+ efflux from scala media is complemented by a P2Y receptor G protein-coupled pathway that provides coincident reduction of K+ transport into scala media from the stria vascularis when autocrine or paracrine ATP signalling is invoked [15].
• Barttin is a beta-subunit that is required for the trafficking of CLC-K (both ClC-Ka and ClC-Kb) channels to the plasma membrane in both the thick ascending limb and the marginal cells in the scala media of the inner ear that secrete potassium ion-rich endolymph [16].

Associations of Cochlear Duct with chemical compounds

• 4-aminopyridine in scala media reversibly alters the cochlear potentials and suppresses electrically evoked oto-acoustic emissions [17].
• To examine this question, we measured, in the presence of LiCl, the accumulation of (3H)-IPs induced by carbachol, in the developing chick cochlear duct during a period ranging from embryonic day (E) 8 to post-hatching day (P) 20 [18].
• Activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors stimulates inositol phosphates synthesis in the developing avian cochlear duct [18].
• We have found that cells and tissue components of the cochlear duct may be labelled by fluorescent markers within intact cochleae, which are then embedded in epoxy resin for subsequent viewing by fluorescent microscopy methods [19].
• Possible mechanisms for this phenomenon include a reduced electrostatic attraction of chloride ions to the scala media due to a decreased EP and a reduction of passive influx of chloride into endolymph, resulting from a reduction of active inward potassium transport by furosemide [20].

Gene context of Cochlear Duct

• Results from PCR and in situ hybridization indicate that Id1, Id2, and Id3 are expressed within the cochlear duct in a pattern that is consistent with a role in regulation of hair cell development [21].
• 5. Myh9 expression was found to persist within the epithelia surrounding the cochlear duct at E13.5 and E16 [22].
• EphB1 and its potential ligands ephrin-B1 and ephrin-B2 showed a segregated layered expression in the lateral wall of the cochlear duct (the external sulcus), which together with EphA4 expressed in the area, form a four-layered structure with an alternating pattern of receptors and ligands in the different layers [23].
• At E13, Isl1 is maintained at relatively high levels in the sensory primordium while down-regulated in the other regions of the cochlear duct [24].
• Complementary patterns of EphA4 and its potential ligand ephrin-A2 were found, with ephrin-A2 in many of the structures lining the cochlear duct and within the cochlear nerve cells, and EphA4 in the deeper structures underlying the cochlear duct and in the cells lining the nerve pathway [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cochlear Duct

• Iontophoresis of cisplatin into scala media resulting in the immediate loss of neural thresholds at the site of iontophoresis [25].
• DESIGN: By means of an immunocytochemistry technique that used rabbit anti-porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 antiserum, sPLA2 sites were identified in vivo and in vitro in the adult mouse cochlear duct [26].
• Single-cell layer membrane covering the degenerated cochlear duct after perilymphatic perfusion of streptomycin [27].
• Two techniques for the demonstration and identification of glycogen by electron microscopy were applied to the cochlear duct tissues of normal guinea pigs and chinchillas [28].
• Immunofluorescence demonstrated that type IV collagen, laminin and HSPG were distributed along capillaries in the cochlear duct, including the stria vascularis, spiral ligament, spiral prominence and spiral limbus [29].

References