Disease relevance of Cochlear Nerve

• In the acoustic ganglion, NGFR mRNA expression begins at E4; at the same time, the first peripheral acoustic nerve processes penetrate the otic epithelium (E4-4.5) [1].
• The electrophysiological and morphological results of our study indicated that M-CSF could ameliorate both anterograde (Wallerian) and retrograde degeneration in both the CNS and PNS portions of the auditory nerve [2].
• Animals treated with KM and EA had profound hearing loss and significant increases in the number of BrdU-positive cells in the spiral ligament and among the acoustic nerve fibers [3].
• On the day of birth there were signs of a conductive hearing loss: negative middle ear pressure, auditory nerve brainstem evoked response (ABR) threshold elevation, ABR wave 1 latency prolongation and low amplitude otoacoustic emissions [4].
• Ganglionic hamartoma of the intracanalicular acoustic nerve causing sensorineural hearing loss [5].

Psychiatry related information on Cochlear Nerve

• However, the effect of sensorineural hearing losses on auditory nerve response latency is not clear [6].

High impact information on Cochlear Nerve

• Kainic acid injections result in degeneration of cochlear nucleus cells innervated by the auditory nerve [7].
• This neuron expresses multiple glutamate receptors and receives two distinct glutamatergic inputs: parallel fibers synapse on apical dendrites, and auditory nerve fibers synapse on basal dendrites [8].
• Most receptors were found at both populations of synapses, but the AMPA receptor subunit, GluR4, and the metabotropic receptor, mGluR1 alpha, were found only at the auditory nerve synapse [8].
• There is substantial evidence supporting the role of aspartate or glutamate as the neurotransmitter of the auditory nerve [9].
• It was concluded that aspartate aminotransferase-like immunoreactivity is present in axons and terminals of the auditory nerve [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cochlear Nerve

• Glutamate (50 mM) and aspartate (50 mM) applied intracochlearly increase the spontaneous activity of ganglion cells of the auditory nerve [10].

Biological context of Cochlear Nerve

• We found sensorimotor, predominantly sensory axonal neuropathy distally in the legs, and peripheral auditory nerve dysfunction (prolonged wave I but normal interpeak latencies in brainstem auditory evoked response) in GDH-deficient patients [11].
• Intracochlear application of dopamine reduced the compound action potential (CAP) of the auditory nerve, increased the thresholds and decreased the spontaneous and driven discharge rates of the single unit fibres without changing their frequency-tuning properties [12].
• 1) Monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) that were blocked by 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), an antagonist of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors, probably reflected activation by auditory nerve fibers [13].
• Calcium and calmodulin inhibit phosphorylation of a novel auditory nerve protein [14].
• To investigate the role of neuron-glial cell interactions in the auditory nerve, we asked whether spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) express neuregulin and whether neuregulin regulates proliferation and/or neurotrophin expression in spiral ganglion Schwann cells (SGSCs) [15].

Anatomical context of Cochlear Nerve

• The most striking gradient of myo-inositol levels within a region was found in the auditory nerve, where different myo-inositol levels might be related to nerve fibers innervating different parts of the cochlea [16].
• PURPOSE: To evaluate the length and width of the bony canal of the cochlear nerve in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who have "normal" findings at thin-section computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone [17].
• Effects on auditory nerve responses of acetylcholine introduced into scala tympani [proceedings] [18].
• Based on previous data reporting a lack of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity within the organ of Corti, and the effectiveness of a D2 agonist on the cochlear compound action potential of the auditory nerve, this catecholamine could well be dopamine [19].
• In agreement with previous work nimodipine (1-10 microM) caused changes in both the compound auditory nerve action potential (CAP) and the DC component of the hair cell receptor potential (summating potential, or SP) in normal cochleae [20].

Associations of Cochlear Nerve with chemical compounds

• The results also demonstrate, however, that formation of persistent and functional synapses with NM neurons throughout development is not sufficient to induce any axon to assume the calycine form of a cochlear nerve endbulb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[21]
• CNQX, given from E8 to E15 or only from E8 to E10, also blocked the 33% neuronal loss in the nucleus magnocellularis (NM) that follows surgical destruction of the otocyst on E3, a procedure that deafferents NM neurons by preventing formation of the cochlear nerve [22].
• MRI detected a small hyperintense lesion along the acoustic nerve; the lesion decreased in size and then disappeared after steroid treatment [23].
• This is consistent with a selective action of dopamine transporter inhibitors on auditory nerve activity [24].
• The effects of intracochlear and systemic furosemide on the properties of single cochlear nerve fibres in the cat [25].

Gene context of Cochlear Nerve

• FGF1 and FGF2 act as trophic factors for the developing cochlear nerve fibres [26].
• The normal acoustic nerve tissue obtained by autopsy contained traces of CCK, somatostatin, and substance P (less than or equal to 0.5 pmol/g), but neither proCCK, gastrin nor progastrin [27].
• A single Aqp4 isoform was expressed in a highly conserved pattern within the supporting epithelia surrounding the sensory cells of the auditory and vestibular sensory organs and the glial cells surrounding the auditory nerve of the mouse and rat [28].
• These data demonstrate that NT-3, BDNF, and GDNF might be potential candidates for prevention of degeneration of the auditory nerve in man [29].
• We have studied the morphological and cellular changes in the cochlear nucleus (CN) after cochlear nerve degeneration and whether these changes can be prevented by rescuing the primary cochlear neurons from degeneration with local glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) treatment [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cochlear Nerve

• Cortical perfusion response to an electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in profoundly deaf patients: study with technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime single photon emission tomography [31].
• Cumulative intracochlear perfusion of riluzole completely abolished single-nerve fiber activity in the guinea pig cochlea and the compound action potential of the auditory nerve [32].
• At the end of the solvent exposures, blood, brain, auditory nerves, the organ of Corti, cerebrospinal (CSF), and inner ear fluids (IEF) were sampled or removed to measure the rates of solvent uptake in each tissue by gas chromatography [33].
• Several technical modifications, including more extensive bony exposure medially, tumor dissection in a medial-to-lateral direction, and topical application of papaverine to the cochlear nerve at the modiolus, have enhanced the ability to preserve hearing [34].
• The effects of HCB were evaluated at various time intervals, by measuring auditory nerve acoustic thresholds and plasma thyroid hormone concentration by radioimmunoassay [35].

References