Disease relevance of geneticin

• In geneticin-resistant cells the AAV-neo vector was integrated at low copy number and could be rescued by subsequent infection with wild-type AAV and the helper adenovirus or, in some cases, by infection with adenovirus alone [1].
• Chondrocytes isolated from normal adult human articular cartilage were infected with a retroviral vector encoding a temperature-sensitive mutant of the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen and a linked geneticin (G418)-resistance marker [2].
• Specifically, the rRNA binding properties of the 2-DOS aminoglycosides paromomycin and G418 (geneticin) are compared, using both human and Escherichia coli rRNA A site model oligonucleotides as drug targets [3].
• CD80+ ocular melanoma cells maintained a stable CD80 expression even after prolonged culture without geneticin, and on irradiated tumor cells [4].
• Two cultured cell lines derived from human squamous-cell carcinomas were established through xenografted tumors in nude mice by "Geneticin" treatment, which allows to eliminate contaminated mouse fibroblasts and obtain enriched tumor cells at the early stage of cultivation [5].

High impact information on geneticin

• One of the geneticin-selected clones, HITra2, expressed a 1.4-kb mRNA, which hybridized both to insulin and IL-1ra-cDNA in Northern blot analysis [6].
• A cosmid (cos pUK0322) harboring the complete human urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) gene and Geneticin resistance as a selectable marker was isolated from a human genomic library and characterized [7].
• The efficiently transfected cells were selected for their resistance to Geneticin (G418) and their ability to clone at low cell density [8].
• By repeating this transfection procedure with DNA from resultant tumours, geneticin-resistant NIH3T3 cells were obtained which were tumorigenic and contained approximately 1-5 copies of the transferred cosmid [9].
• Mouse Lewis Lung tumor DNA was ligated to a cosmid containing a geneticin (G418)/kanamycin resistance gene and transferred into NIH3T3 cells [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of geneticin

• Clonally derived cell lines capable of growing in 2-4 mg/ml of the aminoglycoside antibiotic, G418 (Geneticin), were established and transfected with pHIVCat, a plasmid expressing the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) activity under the control of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) LTR [10].
• Mycelial protoplasts were transformed to geneticin-resistance with plasmids containing the Escherichia coli kanamycin-resistance gene as a selectable marker and autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ARS1, 2 mu ARS) [11].
• Hygromycin B resistance (hph) was superior to geneticin resistance (nptII) for selecting transformants, and the hph gene was more efficiently expressed by the Aspergillus nidulans trpC promoter than by the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter CaMV35S [12].
• The use of the actA promoter (PactA) for heterologous gene expression was ascertained by the transformation of gene fusions with the bleomycin resistance gene (bleR) from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus and the geneticin resistance marker (aphI) from Tn903, into Escherichia coli and Acremonium chrysogenum [13].

Biological context of geneticin

• The present study reports on the use of gene transfer by retrovirus-derived shuttle vectors in the generation of hybrid hybridomas secreting bispecific monoclonal antibodies. neo- and dhfr- genes were infected into distinct murine hybridomas, thus conferring a dominant resistance trait to geneticin (G418) and to methotrexate [14].
• Fifty percent of geneticin-resistant colonies which were exposed to AP failed to express the transformed phenotype as determined by their inability to grow in soft agar [15].
• Trichomonads were then transfected with S and AS plasmids for selection of stable transfectants using Geneticin, and the presence of plasmid in transfectants was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction of the neo gene [16].
• Geneticin selection of BHK-21 cells transfected with Rluc/NeoRep yielded a stable cell line that contains persistently replicating replicons [17].
• Detection of neoR DNA sequences and expression of IL-7-specific mRNA increased with selection in geneticin [18].

Anatomical context of geneticin

• The cell lines expressing the opsin gene at high levels are selected by growth in the presence of high concentrations of the antibiotic geneticin [19].
• The 3T3 cells were transformed with high efficiency to malignant phenotypes; the rat embryo cells were transformed at lower frequencies following cotransfection with a selectable neomycin resistance marker and treatment with Geneticin (G418) [20].
• Acatalasemic murine fibroblasts were then co-transfected with that catalase expression vector and pSV2-neo, and successfully transfected cells were identified by their ability to grow in the presence of geneticin [21].
• Each vector was transfected into human 293 cells or HeLa cells and the neo gene was used to select geneticin-resistant (genr) cells containing integrated vectors [22].
• To determine whether the c-Ha-ras oncogene plays a role in the initiation of mammary carcinogenesis, an immortalized human breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A, was transfected with the plasmid vector pHo6T1 containing the T24 Ha-ras oncogene and the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene, which confers resistance to geneticin [23].

Associations of geneticin with other chemical compounds

• Following transfection in dihydrofolate reductase-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells, selection with Geneticin, and amplification with methotrexate, a cell line producing high levels of the alpha-glucosidase was established [24].
• After transfection, blasticidin and G418-resistant parasites tested positive for plasmid replication and BSD or NEO expression [25].
• Paromomycin and geneticin inhibit intracellular Cryptosporidium parvum without trafficking through the host cell cytoplasm: implications for drug delivery [26].
• Other aminoglycosides tested (kanamycin, geneticin and streptomycin) were nearly equipotent inhibitors of rat brain PLD [27].
• Crystallographic information from complexes of paromomycin, tobramycin, and Geneticin bound to an A-site oligonucleotide, and paromomycin and streptomycin complexed to the 30S subunit was used as a foundation to develop structures of similar antibiotics in the same ribosomal binding site [28].

Gene context of geneticin

• The UV irradiation increased number of the geneticin-resistant colonies which should have the UV-mutated sdi1 cDNA [29].
• We propose that the plotoplast fusion using dominant selective geneticin- and aureobasidin A-resistance markers and reporter genes is useful for the selection of hybrids from wine yeasts, which are homothallic and have low sporulation ability [30].
• In further agreement with this function, no viable NIPP1(-/-) cell lines were obtained by derivation of embryonic stem (ES) cells from blastocysts of NIPP1(-/+) intercrosses or by forced homogenotization of heterozygous ES cells at high concentrations of Geneticin [31].
• Establishment of human oral-cancer cell lines (KOSC-2 and -3) carrying p53 and c-myc abnormalities by geneticin treatment [5].
• Approximately 50% of the initial geneticin-resistant transfected MTLn2 cells overexpressed human transferrin receptor protein [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of geneticin

• We have co-transfected, by electroporation, the human beta 2-microglobulin gene and the gene carrying the resistance to geneticin into Daudi cell line [33].
• Reaction products of APH(2'') or APH(3') with ATP and butirosin, geneticin, lividomycin, ribostamycin, sissomicin or tobramycin were also characterized by HPLC [34].
• Correct integration of the disrupting marker was checked by colony PCR of the geneticin (G418)-resistant transformants [35].
• Cell death was rapid after heating or freezing, and delayed after treatment with X-rays or Geneticin [36].
• Geneticin-resistant transformants harboring bovine conglutinin cDNA in the expression vector pNOW/CMV-A were screened by Western blot analysis for secretion into media of recombinant conglutinin [37].

References