Disease relevance of SAMSN1

• Knock down of HACS1 in a human B lymphoma cell line by small interfering ribonucleic acid did not significantly change IL-4-stimulated B cell proliferation [1].
• Cell lines and primary cells from acute myeloid leukemias and multiple myeloma patients express HACS1 [2].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the distinction between steatosis and steatohepatitis (NASH) and the assessment of the severity of the disease rely on liver histology alone [3].
• NASH: from liver diseases to metabolic disorders and back to clinical hepatology [4].
• Reduced plasma adiponectin in NASH: central obesity as an underestimated causative risk factor [5].

Psychiatry related information on SAMSN1

• This notion, now called the "Nash equilibrium," has been widely applied and adapted in economics and other behavioral sciences [6].
• Immunoreactivity was diffuse in cases of ALD, NASH and steatosis, and in patients with drug abuse [7].
• Hibbard, Hilsenroth, Hibbard, and Nash (1995) found that affective, but not cognitive, dimensions of object representations were related to the severity of psychopathology among outpatients [8].
• Validity of the measures was supported by significant correlations with scores on the Physical subscale of the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (r = .60 to .63) as well as by significant differences on the three measures between normal-weight and overweight groups (Nash: F = 28.03, p = .001; Photo: F = 11.58, p = .001) [9].
• Body image was found to be stable over the 1-year period on the Nash Body Image Scale and the Body Image Photo Technique [9].

High impact information on SAMSN1

• Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that HACS1 is up-regulated by IL-4, IL-13, anti-IgM, and anti-CD40 in human peripheral blood B cells [1].
• Our study demonstrates that HACS1 is up-regulated by B cell activation signals and is a participant in B cell activation and differentiation [1].
• Pioglitazone Trial for NASH: Results Show Promise [10].
• Insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities in NASH: a cool look into a burning issue [11].
• We have previously shown (Nash, S., J. Stafford, and J.L. Madara. 1987. J. Clin. Invest. 80:1104-1113), that leukocyte migration across T84 monolayers, a model human intestinal epithelium, results in enhanced tight junction permeability--an effect quantitated by the use of a simple, standard electrical assay of transepithelial resistance [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of SAMSN1

• Comment on "Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant recipients" by Nash and Zaltzman [13].
• Overall, AST, AST/ALT ratio, uric acid and portal inflammation were independently associated with advanced fibrosis, while only Mallory body (P=0.033) and portal inflammation (P=0.015) were significantly different between mild-moderate fibrosis and advanced fibrosis in the NASH patients [14].
• In 3 NOSA-positive but not in NOSA-negative patients, liver biopsy disclosed features of overlapping NASH with autoimmune hepatitis, partially responding to diet combined with steroid treatment [15].
• Combined treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid and pioglitazone in a patient with NASH associated with type 2 diabetes and psoriasis [16].
• Hepatic steatosis is a consequence of both obesity and ethanol use.Nonalcoholic steatosis (NASH) resemble alcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis [17].

Biological context of SAMSN1

• HACS1 maps to human chromosome 21q11.2 in a region that is frequently disrupted by translocation events in hematopoietic malignancies [2].
• Here Theodore Nash reviews the relationship between antigenic variation and Giardia heterogeneity [18].
• Increased risk of NASH in patients carrying the C(-159)T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter region [19].
• We speculate that hyperphosphorylation of Sp1 may be involved in the genesis of steatosis and that other factors, such as oxidative stress, may trigger its progression to NASH [20].
• Patients with steatosis have a gene expression pattern intermediate between that of NASH and controls [20].

Anatomical context of SAMSN1

• In murine spleen B cells, Hacs1 can also be up-regulated by lipopolysaccharide but not IL-13 [1].
• Polyclonal antibodies against HACS1 recognized a 49.5 kDa protein whose mRNA is expressed in human immune tissues, bone marrow, heart, lung, placenta and brain [2].
• It was previously shown that band 3 in ovalocytic membranes has decreased rotational mobility compared with band 3 in normal cells (Tilley, L., Nash, G.B., Jones, G.L. and Sawyer, W.L. (1991) J. Membr. Biol. 121, 59-66) [21].
• However, keratin IFs were soon identified as major cellular structures to be affected in a variety of chronic liver diseases, such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH, NASH), copper toxicosis, and cholestasis [22].
• In NASH, the localization of the adducts was in the cytoplasm of sinusoidal cells and hepatocytes with a predominance in zone 3 [23].

Associations of SAMSN1 with chemical compounds

• Vitamin E therapy in patients with NASH [24].
• The resulting enzymatically mediated production of formaldehyde was determined colorimetrically by the Nash reaction [25].
• Orlistat in the treatment of NASH: a case series [26].
• In this paper 828 servicemen killed and injured by explosions in Northern Ireland have been studied, using data stored in the Hostile Action Casualty System (HACS) [27].
• Enlarged hepatocytes in NAFLD examined with osmium fixation: does microsteatosis underlie cellular ballooning in NASH [28]?

Regulatory relationships of SAMSN1

• The SH3-SAM adaptor HACS1 is up-regulated in B cell activation signaling cascades [1].
• HACS1 encodes a 441 amino acid protein that is differentially expressed in hematopoietic cells and has restricted expression in human tissues [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SAMSN1

• Our results reveal possible strategies to bring Nash and utilitarian vaccination levels into alignment [29].
• NAFLD and NASH: important diseases before and after liver transplantation [30].
• Percutaneous rotational contact biliary lithotripsy: initial clinical results with the Kensey Nash lithotrite [31].
• UDCA may also have a place in the management of PSC, ICP, cystic fibrosis, PFIC and GVHD involving the liver, although, more studies are needed to further determine its therapeutic potential in these diseases and in other hepatobiliary disorders such as liver allograft rejection, drug and TPN-induced cholestasis, NASH, and alcoholic liver disease [32].
• Materials and methods In this cross-sectional case-control study, 48 cancer-free patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, Group 1), 48 patients with pure fatty liver (FL, Group 2), and 47 volunteers (Group 3) were studied [33].

References