Disease relevance of Saguinus

• The aim of this study was to determine the functional relevance of alpha 4 beta 7 in the pathogenesis of colonic inflammatory disease using the colitic cotton-top tamarin, an animal model of human ulcerative colitis [1].
• To investigate the functional implications of limited MHC class I diversity in this outbred primate species, we infected five tamarins with influenza virus and defined the CTL epitopes recognized by each individual [2].
• Cotton-top tamarins (CTTs) with confirmed active colitis were treated with the second generation LTB4 receptor antagonist, SC-53228 ((+)-(S)-7-[3-(2-cyclopropyl-methyl)-3-methoxy-4-[(methylamino) carbonyl]phenoxy]propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-8-propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2- propanoic acid), 20 mg/kg bodyweight by gavage, twice daily for 56 days [3].
• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) cells (B95-8) were selected for growth in medium with reduced serum and then transferred to serum-free medium which consisted of RPMI 1640 supplemented with insulin, transferrin, and selenium [4].
• GB virus-B (GBV-B) causes an acute hepatitis in tamarins characterized by increased alanine transaminase levels that quickly return to normal as the virus is cleared [5].

Psychiatry related information on Saguinus

• Prolactin levels during the periparturitional period in the biparental cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus): interactions with gender, androgen levels, and parenting [6].
• Maternal behavior is related to prepartum urinary estradiol levels in red-bellied tamarin monkeys [7].

High impact information on Saguinus

• METHODS: Chronically colitic cotton-top tamarins were given either a cross-reactive monoclonal antibody to human alpha 4 beta 7 or an irrelevant control monoclonal antibody [1].
• Furthermore, coded sera from 10 tamarins with biopsy-proven inflammation involving colonic intestinal mucosa and in which disease activity was moderate to severe showed ECAC-specific cytotoxicity of 3.6% +/- 1.6% [8].
• A vaccine derived from the high-molecular-weight glycoprotein (gp340) component of the Epstein-Barr (EB) virus membrane antigen conferred complete protection against a 100% lymphomagenic dose of EB virus in the cottontop tamarin, the animal of choice for experiments with EB virus [9].
• The cotton-top tamarin was found to have a markedly reduced amount of one mucin component (IV) in a manner analogous to the reduction in a human mucin fraction previously noted in patients with ulcerative colitis [10].
• Surprisingly, these two tamarins used different MHC class I molecules, Saoe-G*02 and -G*04, to present the M1 epitope [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Saguinus

• Ciprofloxacin was compared with erythromycin for the eradication of Campylobacter species that were chronically excreted in the stools of marmosets (Saguinus labiatus labiatus, Saguinus fuscicollis nigrifrons, and Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri) [11].
• Prevention of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-induced lymphoma in cottontop tamarins by vaccination with the EB virus envelope glycoprotein gp340 incorporated into immune-stimulating complexes [12].
• Toxoplasmosis in golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) and emperor marmosets (Saguinus imperator) in captivity [13].
• Reduced LTB4 (PMN degranulation and chemotaxis) and increased PGE2 (mucosal-protective effect) may, in part, explain the observed efficacy of SC-41930 in active tamarin colitis [14].

Biological context of Saguinus

• The MHC class I genes of the New World primate, the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), are an exception to the high polymorphism and variability displayed by this multigene family [15].
• These tamarin MHC class I alleles contained amino acid substitutions not found in any of the previously sequenced human MHC class I alleles [16].
• Inhibition of enzyme activity was not affected by absorption of immune sera with insoluble matrices of proteins prepared with tamarin and human cells which lacked the EBV genome [17].
• Major-histocompatibility-complex DRB genes of a New-World monkey, the cottontop tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) [18].
• We have now determined the nucleotide sequence of DNA located 5--13 kilobases (kb) downstream of the tamarin semenogelin I gene---a region that in man is occupied by the semenogelin II gene [19].

Anatomical context of Saguinus

• Finally, the in vitro data were confirmed by detection of E2 binding to cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) cell line B95-8 expressing endogenous CD81 [20].
• Prodromal chimpanzee feces, shown to induce hepatitis in marmosets (Saguinus sp.), was clarified, and the virus was precipitated with 7% polyethylene glycol 6000, harvested, and resuspended [21].
• Treatment of chick embryos with retinoic acid causes clefts of the primary palate (Tamarin et al. [1984] J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 84:105-123) [22].
• In contrast to the apparent lack of HERV-K-env sequences in DNA from tissue of the New World monkey Saguinus oedipus (cotton-top marmoset), we found HERV-K-DNA in the B95-8 cell-line, which is a Saguinus oedipus leukocyte cell-line, immortalized in vitro by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cultivated in human cells [23].
• To determine if New World primates express an inhibitor that influences glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding characteristics, we examined [3H]dexamethasone binding in cytosol prepared from B95-8 lymphoid cells, derived from the cotton top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), in combination with cytosol prepared from human or rat tissues [24].

Associations of Saguinus with chemical compounds

• In addition to an immunodominant epitope of the viral nucleoprotein (NP) that was recognized by all individuals, two tamarins also made a response to the same epitope of the matrix (M1) protein [2].
• Protamine 1 gene sequence from the primate Saguinus imperator isolated with PCR using consensus oligonucleotides [25].
• The involucrin genes of the white-fronted capuchin and cottontop tamarin: the platyrrhine middle region [26].
• Circulating bioactive LH and progesterone concentrations and fecal progesterone, pregnanediol, estradiol, and estrone concentrations were measured by collecting blood and daily fecal samples from four captive common marmoset females and four cotton-top tamarin females for 30 days [27].
• Sexual maturation, or puberty, occurs in female tamarins living with their families between 15 and 17 mo of age when mean LH and E1C levels began to increase [28].

Gene context of Saguinus

• Classical New World monkey MHC class I genes are all more similar to the nonclassical HLA-G gene and a nonclassical F-like gene is present in the cotton-top tamarin [29].
• The region between KLK1 and KLK15 is conserved between the cotton-top tamarin and humans, and there are no signs of the extension seen in the mouse [30].
• We have determined the sequence of CD81 from the tamarin, a primate species known to be refractory to HCV infection [20].
• The evolution of the glandular kallikrein locus: identification of orthologs and pseudogenes in the cotton-top tamarin [30].
• Comparison of the proportion of nonsynonymous (pN) and synonymous (pS) substitutions occurring per site within tamarin variable region genes demonstrated a reduction in pN in the framework regions compared with pN in the presumed MHC contact regions (CDR1 and CDR2) [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Saguinus

• Nonetheless, we found that three different forms of HCV E2 (intracellular, secreted, and cell surface-displayed) bound more efficiently to recombinant tamarin CD81 than to human CD81, as determined by ELISA and immunofluorescence [32].
• Binding of E2 to CD81 on cultured or primary tamarin cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry [32].
• Urine was collected from 6 female cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus o. oedipus) and urinary oestrone and oestradiol concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay [33].
• The goal of this study was to collect samples noninvasively and validate an enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of cortisol in urine to quantify HPA axis activity in the bearded emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator subgrisescens) [34].
• Glandular kallikreins of the cotton-top tamarin: molecular cloning of the gene encoding the tissue kallikrein [35].

References