Disease relevance of pentane

• It is concluded that, only in a sub-population of patients with brain injury, lipid-peroxidation is a crucial mechanism. n-Pentane seems to be a valuable marker to detect lipid peroxidation early after brain trauma [1].
• The levels of ethane, propane, n-pentane, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, isoprene, benzene, toluene, dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and limonene were measured in repeated breath samples from 20 cystic fibrosis patients and 20 healthy controls (aged 8-29 yrs) [2].
• Finally, although there are some safety issues relating to the flammability of n-pentane, the absence of any demonstrable toxicity at high treatment levels indicates that the risk of adverse health effects is minimal for all segments of the population [3].
• De-emulsifying capacity of the n-tetradecane grown Micrococcus species towards o/w model emulsion improved considerably after washing the cells with n-pentane and kerosene, and use of kerosene-washed cells (4 mg/ml) reduced the half-life to 1 h [4].

Psychiatry related information on pentane

• n-Pentane (CAS no. 109-6-0) is a hydrocarbon solvent with an estimated production volume of 50000 metric tons in Europe. The present work was carried out to strengthen the toxicological information available for regulatory decision-making, particularly product classification, occupational exposure limits and risk assessment [3].

High impact information on pentane

• The interpretation of subsequent experiments on n-propane, n-butane, and n-pentane has been complicated by hydroxylation at both the pro-R and pro-S secondary C-H bonds, where the hydroxylation takes place [5].
• Molecular dynamics studies of n-pentane and isopentane in one-dimensional channels of AlPO(4)-5 and a carbon nanotube are reported [6].
• The vitamin E content in the microsomes could be varied by treating the lyophilized microsomes with n-pentane, without affecting the steroidogenic enzyme activities [7].
• 1. Sodium and potassium currents have been recorded in intracellularly perfused squid giant axons before, during and after exposure to solutions of n-pentane in artificial sea water [8].
• Choline oxidation is more sensitive than is succinate oxidation to serial n-pentane extraction of mitochondria [9].

Biological context of pentane

• The appearance of hydrocarbons such as n-pentane in the expired gas of mammals has been proposed as in vivo evidence of lipid peroxidation [10].
• Neither TBF nor TBA was consumed by n-pentane-grown cells, while formaldehyde, the expected C1 product of MTBE dealkylation, was rapidly consumed [11].
• Lipid peroxidation (LP) in vivo as reflected by the exhalation of ethane and n-pentane and by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in liver microsomes was studied in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and trichloroethylene (TCE), each at 2 dose levels [12].
• The outdoor workers in Mexico City had the highest exposures both during- and off-work, with maximum occupational exposures for toluene, MTBE, n-pentane, and d-limonene exceeding 1 mg/m(3) [13].
• The effects of n-pentane on voltage-clamped squid nerve sodium currents. A reinterpretation using kinetics of ordered systems [14].

Anatomical context of pentane

• PZ 51 (Ebselen) is capable of inhibiting ADP-Fe-induced lipid peroxidation in isolated hepatocytes, assessed by generation of low-level chemiluminescence, and the formation of alkanes (ethane, n-pentane) and malondialdehyde [15].
• The cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of n-pentane was studied by head-space gas chromatographic analysis of incubations with liver microsomes and reconstituted systems from rat and rabbit liver [16].
• Metabolism of n-pentane by ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes and reconstituted membranes [16].
• Morphological changes after exposure to ethanol, 1-pentanol, 1-octanol were observed, whereas n-pentane as a model hydrocarbon affected the surface of the outer membrane, with little change in organelles [17].
• The results show that the thickness of the myelin period lattice increases from 170 to 180 A during n-pentane treatment [18].

Associations of pentane with other chemical compounds

• It is suggested that n-pentane is an important substrate for P-450 under in vivo conditions and that pentane measurements in expired air as an indicator of lipid peroxidation must be interpreted with caution [16].
• The quantitative photochemistry of the platinum organometallic complex, Cp'Pt(CH(3))(3) (Cp' = eta(5)-C(5)H(4)CH(3)), has been investigated in methylcyclohexane and n-pentane solutions at 293 K following UV irradiation into the lowest lying absorption bands [19].
• Enzymatic hydrolysis was also performed in n-hexane, n-pentane, and water/propylene glycol mixture [20].
• One liquid-continuous columnar bioreactor was operated for more than 30 months with continued degradation of n-pentane and isobutane as sole carbon and energy sources [21].
• Inverse relationship of ethane or n-pentane and malondialdehyde formed during lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes with different oxygen concentrations [22].

Gene context of pentane

• Dimethyl gold complexes bonded to partially dehydroxylated MgO powder calcined at 673 K were synthesized by adsorption of Au(CH3)2(acac) (acac is C5H7O2) from n-pentane solution [23].
• n-Pentane. CAS# 109-66-0 [24].
• Milk fat was isolated by centrifugation followed by clean-up of the fat with n-pentane, removal of the fat on a 33% H2SO4 silica column, and determination of Ah receptor agonist activity with the CALUX-bioassay [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of pentane

• Treatment of the bis(phosphanyl)amide (Ph2P)2NH with KH in boiling THF followed by crystallization from THF/n-pentane leads to [K(thf)n][N(PPh2)2] (n = 1.25, 1.5) [26].
• FTIR spectroscopy in reflection mode combined with a focal plane array (FPA) detector was employed for high-throughput screening of activity of catalysts in n-pentane hydroisomerization [27].
• The method involves an extraction from alkaline solution with n-pentane, and a quantitative determination by gas chromatography using an internal standard and a nitrogen-sensitive detector [28].
• The K vitamins were extracted with n-pentane from enzymatic hydrolysate of milk, purified by semipreparative HPLC, and then analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC equipped with a dual electrochemical detector [29].
• The Raman spectroscopy of n-pentane was investigated in a Moissanite anvil cell from 0.07 GPa to 4.77 GPa at ambient temperature [30].

References