Disease relevance of Supine Position

• GAA-deficient (AMD) Japanese quails exhibit progressive myopathy and cannot lift their wings, fly, or right themselves from the supine position (flip test) [1].
• The water load significantly reduced urinary arginine vasopressin in normal women in both positions, but in those with idiopathic edema only in the supine position [2].
• To test the clinically supposed development of tolerance during chronic molsidomine therapy we studied a total of 11 patients with angiographically-proven coronary heart disease at rest and during ergometric exercise (supine position; submaximal, i.e. 50 W for 3 min, and maximal exercise) [3].
• METHODS: Plasma endothelin concentrations, measured by radio-immunoassay, were determined in 20 patients with cirrhosis, 10 of whom has ascites, and nine healthy control subjects, in the upright posture and 30, 60 and 120 min after the assumption of the supine position [4].
• 5. In conclusion, in primary autonomic failure, octreotide did not improve exercise-induced hypotension in the supine position, suggesting that octreotide-sensitive vasodilatory peptides do not contribute to the blood pressure fall.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[5]

Psychiatry related information on Supine Position

• MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: We observed that CO2 could increase upper-airway muscle activity during NREM sleep and wakefulness in the supine position with and without intrapharyngeal negative pressure [6].

High impact information on Supine Position

• In addition, the Chinese subjects had much greater sensitivity to the hypotensive effects of propranolol, as shown by the concentrations that reduced blood pressure by 10 percent in the supine position (73 +/- 5 vs. 748 +/- 7 nmol per liter; P less than 0.01) and in the upright position (89 +/- 5 vs. 401 +/- 6 nmol per liter; P less than 0.01) [7].
• Studies of homeotic mutants have shown that a structure in one disk is always transformed into a specific structure from the other disk(5,6); for example clones of bithorax in an anterior dorsal position in the haltere show anterior dorsal wing structures(5) [8].
• All the subjects with MSA had low plasma norepinephrine concentrations (in the supine position) (0.42 +/- 0.09 nM, normal 3.47 +/- 0.58 nM), which did not increase on tilt [9].
• METHODS: Renal function and plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), aldosterone, and norepinephrine levels were determined after 2 hours of standing and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after taking up the supine position in 10 patients and 10 healthy subjects [10].
• Alinidine 80 mg reduced arterial pressure in the standing and supine positions [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Supine Position

• 2. Labetalol and propranolol lowered blood pressure satisfactorily in the supine position, but labetalol reduced blood pressure more in the erect posture and following exercise and induced less bradycardia [12].
• Time averaged postoperative pain scores (48 h) were 8 (levobupivacaine) and 10 (bupivacaine) in the supine position, 13 (levobupivacaine) and 12 (bupivacaine) while rising from the supine position to sitting, and 9 (levobupivacaine) and 13 (bupivacaine) while walking (VAS; 100 mm = worst pain imaginable) (ns) [13].
• As gestation advanced, the mean per cent relative change of angiotensin II from the lateral to the supine position altered from negative to positive in those patients destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension, whereas it remained negative in those patients who remained normotensive [14].
• The initial hypertension in the supine position followed by severe hypotension after hydralazine administration, ultimately responsive to vasopressin, led to a diagnosis of Shy-Drager syndrome [15].
• If Pantopaque myelography in patients in the supine position shows the Arnold-Chiari malformation, hydromyelia can be established as a cause of central cord deficit even if myelography shows the cord size to be normal [16].

Biological context of Supine Position

• Gastric emptying in the V&P varied widely with different isocaloric meals of hypertonic glucose, taken in the erect vs. supine position, or of hypotonic starch taken in the erect posture as a solution or as solid balls of paste [17].
• Hemodynamic studies on the effects of i.v. ergotamine tartrate (0.25-0.50 mg) revealed that the ergotamine-induced increase in blood pressure in the supine position was associated with an increase in total peripheral resistance (from 1616 +/- 165 to 2574 +/- 583 U) without a change in cardiac output [18].
• Changes in pulse rate measurements from pretreatment to posttreatment were not significantly different between the terazosin- and placebo-treated patients (-1.0 beat per minute for the terazosin group and -1.0 beat per minute for the placebo group, in the supine position) [19].
• Heart rate, arterial pressure, forearm venous plasma norepinephrine, norepinephrine clearance (estimated from the clearance of tritiated norepinephrine) and norepinephrine spillover were measured after 30 min in the supine position and after 15 min each of head-up and head-down tilt [20].
• In 30 HP and in 34 NP, the cardiac output and plasma concentrations of noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine were also measured in the supine position and after 10 min of standing [21].

Anatomical context of Supine Position

• Injection of synthetic shh mRNA into fertilized eggs causes ectopic zp-50 expression at more dorsal positions of the embryonic brain [22].
• The finding that hGAL induces an increase in HR, both in the supine position and after UP, and an inhibition of the systolic and diastolic BP response to UP provides further support for an involvement of hGAL in regulation of the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems in man [23].
• 1. The consequence of the sympatholytic effect of clonidine (alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist) was compared with the effect of a physiological inhibition of sympathetic nervous system activity (change from upright to supine position) on plasma catecholamine and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations in overnight fasting healthy men [24].
• T1-weighted sagittal midline magnetic resonance images of the spinal column were obtained with subjects in the supine position [25].
• This study gives conclusive evidence that nitroglycerin reduces arterial PO2 in most patients with coronary artery disease breathing room air in the supine position [26].

Associations of Supine Position with chemical compounds

• Responses to isoproterenol were not significantly different between group II and controls in supine position [27].
• In study 1, there were no effects of angiotensin II on heart rate, plasma norepinephrine, norepinephrine clearance or norepinephrine spillover compared with the vehicle control when the patient was in the supine position [20].
• After 20 min of 70 degrees upright tilting, the table was returned to supine position at a speed of 3.2 degrees/s. Subsequently, BRS was assessed using an intravenous bolus injection of phenylephrine (2 to 3 microg/kg) [28].
• After 1 month under normal Na+ intake (120 mmol Na+ per day), patients were randomly assigned to receive either ANP (0.04 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) (n = 15) or vehicle (50 ml saline) (n = 7) over a 60-min period, while in the supine position [29].
• Acid clearance tests were performed in 10 healthy subjects in the upright and supine positions, before and after oesophageal peristaltic disruption with sildenafil 50 mg [30].

Gene context of Supine Position

• In patients, we found negative correlations between endothelin-3, but not endothelin-1, and mean arterial pressure, both in upright (r = -0.59; p < 0.01) and supine (r = -0.56; p = 0.01) positions, atrial natriuretic factor (r = 0.50; p < 0.05) and plasma renin activity (r = 0.67; p = 0.001) in the supine position alone [4].
• MEASUREMENTS: Tidal FL was assessed in 117 ambulatory COPD patients in sitting and supine positions using the negative expiratory pressure method [31].
• Nine healthy men, mean age 31 years (range 24-41), received single blind with at least one week apart, after resting in the supine position for 30 min, AVP 0.26 microgram/kg body weight i.v. (Pitressin, Parke-Davis) or saline in randomized order [32].
• In supine position at zero PEEP, 10 patients exhibited EFL with a significantly higher PEEPi and DH and a significantly lower PEEPi inequality index than found in the five non-EFL (NEFL) subjects [33].
• We compared the results obtained by Prolonged Position with two other physical therapies by dividing our horizontal canal BPPV patients into three therapeutic groups: 1) 35 patients treated with Prolonged Position; 2) 24 patients treated with head shaking in a supine position; 3) 15 patients for whom therapy was omitted [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Supine Position

• Compared with brain SPECT in the supine position, perfusion was decreased in the posterior circulation structures after the subject smoked a cigarette or chewed nicotine gum [35].
• Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine were measured in eight hypertensive patients in a supine position after stepwise infusion of incremental sodium nitroprusside doses and intravenous injection of cumulative labetalol doses [36].
• At the same mechanical load, severity was independent of age, sex, or body mass index but was greater in the supine position and in REM sleep [37].
• To clarify the relationship between abnormalities in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and in blood pressure regulation, we performed 99mTc-HMPAO brain SPECT in association with measurement of plasma norepinephrine and blood pressure in both the upright and supine positions [38].
• These observations have important implications for the interpreting physician when thallium stress tests are performed in the supine position [39].

References