Disease relevance of Diet, Vegetarian

• The relationship of the increased urinary excretion of steroid hormones in Black South African men, a low-risk group fed a Western diet, and the decreased excretion in Black and White North American men, high-risk groups fed a vegetarian diet, to the development of prostatic cancer remains to be clarified [1].
• Dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 due to vegetarianism is increasing and causes hyperhomocysteinemia [2].
• Because vitamin B-12 deficiency is often associated with vegetarianism, this study was designed to examine the effect of Taiwanese vegetarian diets on B-vitamin status and plasma homocysteine levels [3].
• A vegan diet free of gluten improves the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: the effects on arthritis correlate with a reduction in antibodies to food antigens [4].
• Platelets play an important role in the development of vascular disease, while vegetarian diets, which are rich in inorganic nitrate, protect against it [5].

Psychiatry related information on Diet, Vegetarian

• The very low serum lipid levels in this isolated population are apparently attributable mainly to their largely vegetarian diet, low in fats and cholesterol and high in fiber, with concomitant high physical activity associated with low BMI [6].
• In most cases, vegetarian diets are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, renal disease and dementia, as well as diverticular disease, gallstones and rheumatoid arthritis [7].

High impact information on Diet, Vegetarian

• Intervention consisted of a two-year vegetarian diet that had a ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids of at least 2 and that contained less than 100 mg of cholesterol per day [8].
• The impact of vegetarianism was closely correlated with blood glucose and WHR [9].
• Effect of vegetarian diet on systemic lupus erythematosus [10].
• Controlled trial of fasting and one-year vegetarian diet in rheumatoid arthritis [11].
• Since plant sterols are plentiful in vegetarian diets, we studied the effect of beta-sitosterol on colon tumor formation in rats treated with the carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Diet, Vegetarian

• OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a low-fat, vegetarian diet reduces dysmenorrhea and premenstrual symptoms by its effect on serum sex-hormone binding globulin concentration and estrogen activity [13].
• CONCLUSION: The use of a low-fat, vegetarian diet in patients with NIDDM was associated with significant reductions in fasting serum glucose concentration and body weight in the absence of recommendations for exercise [14].
• The vegetarian diet has a low content of methionine, remethylation of homocysteine is reduced by vitamin B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels can induce the generation of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a potent inhibitor of methyltransferases [15].
• We postulate that manipulating the endogenous digestive microflora of subjects on a vegetarian diet through administering probiotic lactic bacteria would represent an innovative tool to counteract the occurrence of the malabsorption syndrome dependent on the high phytate content of their diet [16].
• Re: Vegetarianism and dental fluorosis among children in a high fluoride area of northern Tanzania (1999;9: 3-11) [17].

Biological context of Diet, Vegetarian

• Despite the apparent lower bioavailability of zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium in vegetarian diets because of the high contents of phytic acid and/or dietary fiber and the low content of flesh foods in the diet, the trace element status of most adult vegetarians appears to be adequate [18].
• Effect of vegetarian diet on serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations during lactation [19].
• 12. Vegetarianism A high intake of plant foods reduces the risk of coronary heart disease through several mechanisms, including lowering serum cholesterol and blood pressure levels [20].
• When nurses were transferred from the Western to a vegetarian diet, the menstrual cycle was shortened, while their prolactin and testosterone decreased [21].
• Other potential dietary influences on bone health were also discussed, including vitamins, trace elements, electrolytes, acid-base balance, phyto-oestrogens, vegetarianism and lactose intolerance [22].

Anatomical context of Diet, Vegetarian

• This study examined the effect of vegetarianism on skeletal muscle total creatine (TCr) content and creatine transporter (CreaT) gene expression, prior to and during 5 d of Cr supplementation (CrS) [23].

Associations of Diet, Vegetarian with chemical compounds

• Data indicated that a vegetarian diet modified androgen and estrogen metabolism in North American men and that a Western diet was associated with higher levels of urinary steroid hormones in young Black South African men [1].
• The total androgen content decreased significantly in Black North American men on the vegetarian diet and increased in Black South African men fed a Western diet [1].
• Normal subjects ingesting a protein diet had a significantly higher creatinine clearance than a comparable group of normal subjects ingesting a vegetarian diet [24].
• Whereas phytates, polyphenolics, and other plant constituents found in vegetarian diets inhibit nonheme-iron absorption, vitamin C, citric acid, and other organic acids facilitate nonheme-iron absorption [25].
• Reduced arachidonate in serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters associated with vegetarian diets in humans [26].

Gene context of Diet, Vegetarian

• One dozen eggs were collected and analyzed from each of five different brands from hens fed a diet free of animal fat (SP1), certified organic free-range brown eggs (SP2), uncaged unmedicated brown eggs (SP3), cage-free vegetarian diet brown eggs (SP4), or naturally nested uncaged (SP5) [27].
• In fact, recent epidemiology demonstrates a correlation between dietary glycemic load and serum CRP in women, and a recent clinical study reports a 28% reduction in serum CRP following adoption of a whole-food vegan diet rich in soluble fiber [28].
• Thus this study implies that the relatively low BMI of vegetarians and vegans does cause small changes in SHBG and in post-menopausal oestradiol, but that the composition of vegetarian diets may not have any additional effects on these hormones [29].
• CONCLUSION: According to the present study, the clearly different dietary patterns and nutrient intakes between the vegans and the omnivores resulted in similar extent and rate of 7-hydroxycoumarin formation, indicating only a minor effect on coumarin hydroxylase (CYP2A6) activity by the plant substances in the uncooked vegan diet [30].
• Since whole-food vegan diets may downregulate systemic IGF-I activity, it is proposed that such a diet, in conjunction with fish oil supplementation and treatment with dopamine agonists capable of suppressing prolactin secretion, may have utility for treating and preventing autoimmune disorders [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diet, Vegetarian

• The second study was conducted in seven subjects, who consumed a low fat diet for 2 wk: the 1st wk was a vegetarian diet (no LCP) followed by a 2nd wk where the subjects were required to consume 500 g (raw weight) of kangaroo meat daily (305 mg/d AA, 325 mg/d n-3 LCP) [32].
• AIM OF THE STUDY: The effect of a vegetarian diet and different omnivorous diets on the risk of uric acid crystallization was investigated [33].
• After adjustment for age, body mass index, current smoking, supplement use and vegetarianism the mean plasma vitamin C levels were 38.8 (SE 1.6) mumol/l in white men, 36.5 (1.6) mumol/l in men of African descent and 32.9 (1.5) mumol/l in South Asian men (P = 0.033 by analysis of co-variance) [34].
• In this study, 20 steroid-resistant, nephrotic patients were treated with a pure vegetarian, low-protein diet, supplemented with essential amino acids and ketoanalogues (supplemented vegan diet, SVD) for 4.6 +/- 3.1 months [35].
• To clarify the role of the faecal flora in the diet-induced decrease of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity, 43 RA patients were randomized into two groups: the test group to receive living food, a form of uncooked vegan diet rich in lactobacilli, and the control group to continue their ordinary omnivorous diets [36].

References