Disease relevance of Bmp1

• Faulty bone morphogenetic protein signaling in esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula [1].
• Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by genetic and acquired abnormalities that suppress apoptosis and enhance cell proliferation in the vascular wall, including downregulation of the bone morphogenetic protein axis and voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels [2].
• To investigate a possible biological function of the pro-form of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, a member of the TGF-beta family, mature BMP-2, proBMP-2, and the isolated pro-peptide were recombinantly produced in Escherichia coli cells, and a biophysical comparison was performed [3].
• Regulatory roles of bone morphogenetic proteins and glucocorticoids in catecholamine production by rat pheochromocytoma cells [4].
• Downregulation of type II bone morphogenetic protein receptor in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension [5].

High impact information on Bmp1

• Bone morphogenetic protein and bone-derived growth factors are biochemical tools for research on induced cell differentiation and local mechanisms controlling cell proliferation [6].
• Bone morphogenetic proteins induce the expression of noggin, which limits their activity in cultured rat osteoblasts [7].
• Platelet-derived growth factor inhibits bone regeneration induced by osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, in rat craniotomy defects [8].
• Oligodendrocyte differentiation by IGF-I appears to be mediated through an inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein signaling [9].
• Previous studies showed that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9 induces and maintains the cholinergic phenotype of embryonic BFCN [10].

Biological context of Bmp1

• Extracellular signal-related kinase and bone morphogenetic protein expression during distraction osteogenesis of the mandible: in vivo evidence of a mechanotransduction mechanism for differentiation and osteogenesis by mesenchymal precursor cells [11].
• Although ectopic expression studies are consistent with roles for TGFbeta signals in early Xenopus embryogenesis, when and where BMP and activin-like signaling pathways are active endogenously has not been directly examined [12].
• Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and bone morphogenetic proteins strongly regulate chondrogenesis and chondrocyte gene expression [13].
• These findings reinforce the interdependence of bone morphogenetic protein and FGF signaling and provide a rational explanation for abnormal bone development occurring in humans or mice with constitutively active FGF receptors [13].
• The bone morphogenetic protein type Ib receptor is a major mediator of glial differentiation and cell survival in adult hippocampal progenitor cell culture [14].

Anatomical context of Bmp1

• Inhibins differentially antagonize activin and bone morphogenetic protein action in a mouse adrenocortical cell line [15].
• Bone marrow stromal cells upregulate expression of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4, gap junction protein connexin-43 and synaptophysin after stroke in rats [16].
• Dentin resorption and cementum-like tissue formation by bone morphogenetic protein application [17].
• BACKGROUND: The goal in this study was to investigate the role of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2, a central regulator of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, and its temporal relationship to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2/4, a potent osteogenic growth factor, during live model distraction osteogenesis [11].
• GDF11 forms a bone morphogenetic protein 1-activated latent complex that can modulate nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells [18].

Associations of Bmp1 with chemical compounds

• The analgoue [Bmp1, Val8] -HCT, with a deaminated cysteine residue at the N-terminus, was about 6 times more potent than HCT and slightly longer-acting than [Val8] -HCT [19].
• The BMP can be separated from bone matrix by extraction with 4 M guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) or degraded in situ by endogenous proteolytic enzymes to deactivate the matrix [20].
• Activin/BMP receptors (ActRIA, ActRIB, ActRIIA, and ActRIIB), beta glycan, and Smad 1-8 mRNAs were expressed by the ovary [21].
• Bone morphogenetic proteins belong to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and act through serine/threonine kinase type I and type II receptors such as bone morphogenetic protein receptor type I and type II [22].
• Daidzein enhances osteoblast growth that may be mediated by increased bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) production [23].

Regulatory relationships of Bmp1

• We demonstrate that both TGFbeta and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) can induce endogenous Smad1 phosphorylation in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) [24].
• Growth hormone induces bone morphogenetic proteins and bone-related proteins in the developing rat periodontium [25].

Other interactions of Bmp1

• The calcitonin analogues [Val8] -HCT and [Tyr22] -HCT, each with a single modification, and [Val8, Tyr22] -HCT and [Bmp1, Val8] -HCT, with two replaced amino acids were compared with synthetic human calcitonin (HCT) in respect of their hypocalcemic effects in the rat [19].
• Signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins and Smad1 modulates the postnatal differentiation of cerebellar cells [26].
• Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4/GKLF) is a target of bone morphogenetic proteins and transforming growth factor beta 1 in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype [27].
• Bone morphogenetic proteins have also been shown to cause astrocytic differentiation but do not cause STAT activation or astrocytic differentiation in fibroblast growth factor 2-expanded fetal stem cells used here [28].
• Follistatin associates with transforming growth factor-beta-like growth factors such as activin or bone morphogenetic proteins to form an inactive complex, thereby regulating processes as diverse as embryonic development and cell secretion [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Bmp1

• INTRODUCTION: Although researchers frequently opt to use osteogenic cells for osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-based ex vivo gene therapy to improve bone healing, it remains unclear whether the osteogenic potential of a cellular vehicle affects the outcome of bone healing applications [30].
• The expression of activin/BMP receptor, Smad, and beta glycan mRNAs by postnatal rat ovaries were investigated by real-time PCR [21].
• The molecular weight of BMP was estimated to be about 20.0 kDa by SDS-PAGE, and the pI value was 8.8 by IEF [31].
• To clarify the possible involvement of BMP and BMPR-II in the development of hypoxic PH, the expression of BMP-2, BMPR-II, and their downstream signals were investigated in rat lung under normal and hypoxic conditions by RT-PCR, immunoblot, and immunohistochemical methods [5].
• Whereas bone morphogenetic protein receptor type I expression was low in rat brain, in situ hybridization studies performed with specific digoxigenin-labelled riboprobes revealed the presence of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II-positive cells throughout the brain, with a notable localization in dopaminergic cells of the substantia nigra [22].

References