Disease relevance of FOXH1

• METHODS: In the Fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary disease (FRISC) II trial, 2457 patients with unstable coronary artery disease were assigned randomly to an early invasive or noninvasive strategy [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: Fast cine MRI with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MRA provides rapid and comprehensive anatomic definition of APVs and ASDs in patients with adult congenital heart disease in a single examination [2].
• CONCLUSION: Fast MR blood flow measurement at baseline is highly useful for predicting significant stenosis in internal mammary arterial grafts [3].
• CONCLUSION: Fast dynamic first-pass MR imaging, with at least one image acquired every 2 seconds, improved delineation of urinary bladder cancer, tumor staging, and detection of metastases [4].
• Telavancin versus standard therapy for treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by gram-positive bacteria: FAST 2 study [5].

Psychiatry related information on FOXH1

• The number and duration of contractions per minute were determined by inspection of the motor activity record; the frequency content of both the motor and myoelectrical records was determined using the Fast Fourier Transform method [6].
• Neuropsychological tests were performed before and after training, and changes in EEG activity as determined by Fast Fourier spectral analyses were analyzed [7].
• INTERVENTIONS: A "Fast acting" or "Intermediate acting" 2 mg transmucosal nicotine patch was attached to an upper molar tooth of study participants during wakefulness [8].
• Four modes of data processing with different response times ("Normal," "Fast," "FastFilter," and "Urgent" modes) used by the monitoring system [9].
• Although similar reference memory was evident, Fast rats showed working memory deficits with increasing delays between information and choice trials [10].

High impact information on FOXH1

• In a yeast two-hybrid assay, the FAST-1 carboxy terminus interacts with Smad2 but not Smad4 [11].
• Cell motility. Fast axonal transport dissected [12].
• Receptor-activated Smad2 takes Smad4 into the nucleus where they form a complex with FAST-1 that requires these three components to activate transcription [13].
• Interneuron Diversity series: Fast in, fast out--temporal and spatial signal processing in hippocampal interneurons [14].
• Our results introduce Fast and TIA-1 as components of a molecular cascade involved in signaling Fas-mediated apoptosis [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of FOXH1

• CONCLUSIONS: Fast and drastic removal of LDL cholesterol, Lp(a), and fibrinogen from plasma results in an improvement of cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia [16].
• OBJECTIVE: To introduce the Fast Hug mnemonic (Feeding, Analgesia, Sedation, Thromboembolic prophylaxis, Head-of-bed elevation, stress Ulcer prevention, and Glucose control) as a means of identifying and checking some of the key aspects in the general care of all critically ill patients [17].
• The tumor thrombus enhanced intensely on early post gadolinium images and was also well shown on true FISP (Fast Imaging with Steady State Precession) images [18].
• In this study we evaluated the efficacy of a new preparation (Fast Dissolving Dosage Form--FDDF) of piroxicam (40 mg in a single sublingual dose) in the acute treatment of migraine [19].
• A new recombinant antigen latex agglutination test (Syphilis Fast) for the rapid serological diagnosis of syphilis [20].

Biological context of FOXH1

• Although significantly different in sequence from its Xenopus counterpart, hFAST-1 shared with xFAST-1 the ability to bind to human Smad2 and activate an activin response element (ARE) [21].
• We find that this gene, which we call FAST-2, is able to mediate transcriptional activation by TGF-beta [22].
• 1. Fast synaptic transmission is triggered by the activation of presynaptic Ca2+ channels which can be inhibited by Gbetagamma subunits via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) [23].
• We have cloned Fast1, a mouse homologue of Xenopus FAST-1, and characterized its expression during embryogenesis and function in activin/TGF beta signal transduction [24].
• (2) "Fast" K+ channels, sensitive to 4-aminopyridine, are present in the paranodal or internodal axon membrane under the myelin; these channels may function to prevent reexcitation following action potentials, or participate in the generation of an internodal resting potential [25].

Anatomical context of FOXH1

• The transcription factor FAST-1 has recently been shown to play a key role in the specification of mesoderm by TGF beta superfamily signals in the early Xenopus embryo [24].
• Expression of the FAST-1 transcription factor in coronary artery transplant vasculopathy and activated vascular smooth muscle cells [26].
• Signal detection is not the only role of this molecular network; amplification of low-amplitude signals by hair bundles seems to be universal in hair cells. "Fast adaptation," the rapid closure of transduction channels following a mechanical stimulus, appears to be intimately involved in bundle-based amplification [27].
• BACKGROUND: The Fragmin and Fast Revascularisation during Instability in Coronary artery disease II trial (FRISC II) compared an early invasive with an early non-invasive strategy in unstable coronary-artery disease [28].
• METHODS: Retrogradely transported neuronal dyes, Fast Blue and Dil, were injected into the wall of the gallbladder and the sphincter of Oddi [29].

Associations of FOXH1 with chemical compounds

• Isolation of a human myocardial cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform. Fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopic and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography identification of choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipid substrates [30].
• The protein tyrosine phosphatase activity was purified using three consecutive cation-exchange columns (phosphocellulose, S Sepharose Fast Flow, Bio-Rex 70), followed by two affinity matrices (p-aminobenzylphosphonic acid-agarose and thiophosphotyrosyl nAChR-Sepharose 4B) [31].
• Purification was performed by chromatography on DEAE anion-exchange, Q-Sepharose Fast Flow, hydroxylapatite, sphingosylphosphocholine affinity, and Superose 12 gel filtration columns [32].
• A total of 124 contiguous T1-weighted coronal MR images (slice thickness=1.5 mm) were acquired through the whole head using a 3D Fast SPGR IR Prep sequence on a 1.5 T GE imaging system [33].
• From Ultraslow to Fast Lithium Diffusion in the 2D Ion Conductor Li0.7TiS2 Probed Directly by Stimulated-Echo NMR and Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation [34].

Physical interactions of FOXH1

• In contrast, transcription factors Mixer and FoxH3 (FAST1) bind to the bottom side of the Smad3 MH2 toroid; therefore, c-Ski does not affect the interaction of Smads with these transcription factors [35].

Other interactions of FOXH1

• Smad4 is not required for nuclear translocation of Smads 1 or 2, or for association of Smad2 with a DNA binding partner, the winged helix protein FAST-1 [13].
• Interestingly, Smad4 was also able to directly associate with the FAST-2.ARE complex through binding with FAST-2 [36].
• Moreover, the present findings suggest that in addition to the impairment in the homo- and/or hetero-oligomerization, there may be an alternative mechanism producing disruption of TGF-beta signaling, involving hFAST-1-or possibly other transcriptional cofactor(s)-mediated transcriptional activation [37].
• FOXH1 and FOXO1 mRNAs are expressed in human embryonic stem (ES) cells [38].
• In an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we found that Smad3 was able to associate with the FAST-2.ARE complex and that this association was dependent on FAST-2 [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of FOXH1

• Characterization of human FAST-1, a TGF beta and activin signal transducer [21].
• Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry verified fork-head activin signal transducer 1 (FAST-1) expression [26].
• Western blotting confirmed increased FAST-1 expression in arteries with CAV vs normal arteries and arteries from failing hearts and confirmed increased expression in cultured VSMCs stimulated with a variety of cytokines [26].
• The major peak of enzyme activity (mPLC-II) was purified to homogeneity by a combination of Fast Q-Sepharose, heparin-Sepharose, Ultrogel AcA-44, Mono Q, Superose 6-12 combination column, and Superose 12 column chromatographies [39].
• The authors show by immunoblotting techniques that the myofibrillar antigen is a 23 kd protein and by partial protein sequence data identify it as fast troponin I. Fast troponin I from various species contains the sequence EEKSGMEGRK close to the C-terminal end at positions 165 to 174 [40].

References