Disease relevance of Hyperhidrosis

• She experienced two episodes characterized by indomethacin-resistant hyperthermia, hyperhidrosis, and aggravation of parkinsonism [1].
• The patients had dysesthetic burning pain in an anesthetic area, hyperhidrosis, flexor spasm, and additional motor deficit above the level of cord injury 2-22 weeks after injury [2].
• PURPOSE: This study compares early results of video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy (VTS) at the thoracic T2 versus T3 ganglion denervation levels for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis (PH) [3].
• Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) is widely used in neurological therapeutics for a variety of indications such as dystonia, spasticity, hyperhidrosis, and hypersalivation [4].
• Meleda disease (mal de Meleda) MIM *248300 is an autosomal recessive disorder, clinically characterised by transgressive palmoplantar keratoderma, hyperhidrosis and perioral erythema [5].

Psychiatry related information on Hyperhidrosis

• OBJECTIVE: Given the often prominent and persistent nature of hyperhidrosis in social anxiety disorder (SAD), to compare botulinum toxin type A to placebo for generalized SAD with hyperhidrosis, in combination with paroxetine [6].
• Secondary measures included the Hyperhidrosis Impact Questionnaire, Brief Social Phobia Scale, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Social Phobia Inventory, and Sheehan Disability Scale [6].
• Phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica may be associated with dysaesthesia, segmental hyperhidrosis, mild mental retardation, epileptic seizures, deafness, ptosis, strabismus or muscular weakness [7].

High impact information on Hyperhidrosis

• The patients had rates of sweat production greater than 50 mg per minute and had had primary axillary hyperhidrosis that was unresponsive to topical therapy with aluminum chloride for more than one year [8].
• Clonidine and hyperhidrosis [9].
• Concentration of plasma noradrenaline was also lower on the painful side in patients with widespread allodynia, and in those with hyperhidrosis in the affected hand or foot [10].
• METHODS: In a prospective, single blind, randomized trial, 24 patients with severe palmar hyperhidrosis received either a low (50 U) or a high dose (100 U) of botulinum toxin type A (Botox, Allergan) injected intradermally in 20 sites in each palm [11].
• Increased serum CGRP was correlated to the incidence of nerve lesions (p < 0.02) and hyperhidrosis (p < 0.04) [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hyperhidrosis

• In the patient with hyperhidrosis, a prominent melatonin rhythm was observed preoperatively in the CSF and plasma [13].
• CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin is effective in reducing hyperhidrosis disability and limitations in everyday activities when given in association with paroxetine to subjects with SAD [6].
• However, sympathetic failure, as indicated by impairment of sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflexes (P<0.02) and hyperhidrosis (P<0.01), was found exclusively in CRPS patients [14].
• Thirteen healthy volunteers, three patients with chronic fungal disease and one patient with palmar-plantar hyperhidrosis were given 400 mg of ketoconazole daily for various lengths of time [15].
• Mexiletine on segmental hyperhidrosis [16].

Biological context of Hyperhidrosis

• IMPACT OF DISEASE: Objective evaluation comprising quantitative assessment (gravimetric and Minor's iodine starch test) and subjective evaluation (Dermatology Quality of Life Index and Hyperhidrosis Impact Questionnaire) allow accurate assessment of the impact of hyperhidrosis on patients [17].
• In a 42-year-old man with the typical phenotype of an NPS, weakness and wasting of the shoulder girdle muscles, muscle cramps, fatigability, hyperhidrosis, chest pain and creatine kinase elevation were observed [18].
• To examine the effect of Th 2-3 ETS on hemodynamic responses to submaximal upright treadmill exercise in humans, cardiac output, plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline at rest and during the last 40s of stage 2 in a modified Bruce protocol were measured before and after ETS in 21 patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis [19].

Anatomical context of Hyperhidrosis

• There were 10 patients with cervical spinal cord lesions and hyperhidrosis treated with the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent, phenoxybenzamine [20].
• METHODS: Fifty patients with palmar hyperhidrosis or axillary bromidrosis were injected with 75% phenol into a total of 98 sides of the T2-T3 or T3-T4 sympathetic trunks and ganglia [21].
• Earlier reports described episodic, spontaneous hypothermia with hyperhidrosis in patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum and postulated a midline congenital malformation of the central nervous system [22].
• We present three patients with severe primary hyperhidrosis, refractory to conservative medical treatment, who were successfully managed with sympathetic ganglion blockade with ethanol [23].
• In this study SSr was performed for the upper limbs of 20 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis, who did not have any other systemic or localized wrist and palmar disease as "Involved Group" and 28 healthy subject as "Control Group" without any palmar hyperhidrosis, systemic or local disease [24].

Gene context of Hyperhidrosis

• The VIP concentration was unchanged in skin affected by axillary hyperhidrosis [25].
• The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P and somatostatin were studied in skin biopsies from patients with eczema, psoriasis and axillary hyperhidrosis [25].
• METHODS: A total of 176 procedures (91 patients) were carried out in the ETS 2-4 group and 103 procedures (53 patients) in the ESB 4 group: 60.4 and 43.4% had palmar hyperhidrosis, 8.8 and 5.7% had isolated axillary, and 30.8 and 50.9% had combined manifestations, respectively [26].
• SUBJECTS: 630 consecutive operations in 352 patients (median age 30.1 yrs) for primary palmar (68%), axillary (12.7%) and combined hyperhidrosis (19.3%) [27].
• PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate and mid-term results of thoracoscopic upper dorsal (T2-T3) sympathectomy for primary palmar hyperhidrosis [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hyperhidrosis

• A comparison of topical tannic acid versus iontophoresis in the medical treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis [29].
• Our current standard procedures being performed are T3 and T2 clipping for palmar and craniofacial hyperhidrosis and T3,4 sympathicotomy for axillary hyperhidrosis, all using a 2 mm needle thoracoscope [30].
• Despite two hospitalizations for intensive care with intravenous antibiotic therapy, the infection did not clear until his plantar hyperhidrosis on the affected side was eliminated by the use of topical aluminum chloride [31].
• CONCLUSIONS: Transthoracic video endoscopic electrocautery of the T2 and T3 ganglia for patients with palmar hyperhidrosis may yield excellent results if the first rib can be properly identified [32].

References