Disease relevance of Body Temperature Regulation

• Based upon its high homology with UCP1 and its restricted tissue distribution to skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue, UCP3 has been suggested to play important roles in regulating energy expenditure, body weight, and thermoregulation [1].
• Multiple copies of a DNA sequence from Pseudomonas syringae pathovar phaseolicola abolish thermoregulation of phaseolotoxin production [2].
• In view of the known effects of arginine vasopressin in thermoregulation, the recurrent hypothermia of this syndrome and the abnormalities of water metabolism may have a common pathogenetic mechanism [3].
• Consistent with this is a slight increase in ventilatory heat loss after low doses of ethanol but larger doses cause respiratory depression, so that heat loss through the lungs is minor [4].
• However at 32 degrees C Ta, there was an increase in rectal temperature in response to haloperidol application; this hyperthermia was due to a decrease in both the ear blood flow and respiratory evaporative heat loss (Eres) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Body Temperature Regulation

• Modulation of learning, pain thresholds, and thermoregulation in the rat by preparations of free purified alpha-linolenic and linoleic acids: determination of the optimal omega 3-to-omega 6 ratio [6].
• These results suggest that the NMB-R has an essential role in thermoregulation, but not for smooth muscle contraction of the fundus or for the suppression of feeding behavior [7].
• Nicotine is the primary addictive component in tobacco, and at relatively low doses it affects cardiovascular responses, locomotor activity, thermoregulation, learning, memory, and attention [8].
• The present review summarizes the evidence implicating the role of specific 5-HT receptor subtypes in thermoregulation, modulation of cardiovascular function, eating disorders, sleep, sexual activity, anxiety states, aggression, schizophrenia and depression [9].
• We investigated the central role of nitric oxide and AngII on thermoregulation in rats (Rattus norvegicus, Sabra strain,) undergoing heat-stress in euhydration or hypohydration (water deprivation, -10% b.wgt) [10].

High impact information on Body Temperature Regulation

• Targeted disruption of the MC5-R produced mice with a severe defect in water repulsion and thermoregulation due to decreased production of sebaceous lipids [11].
• Our findings strongly suggest that defects in TRKA cause CIPA and that the NGF-TRKA system has a crucial role in the development and function of the nociceptive reception as well as establishment of thermoregulation via sweating in humans [12].
• We find that UCP-deficient mice consume less oxygen after treatment with a beta3-adrenergic-receptor agonist and that they are sensitive to cold, indicating that their thermoregulation is defective [13].
• We have now identified and characterized a new regulatory locus (drdX) and show that a histone-like bacterial protein has an important role in this novel example of thermoregulation of transcription [14].
• The fimbrial structures (pili) on the bacterial surface carry the adhesin and are present during growth at 37 degrees C but are not produced by cells at lower temperatures, such as 25 degrees C. Thermoregulation of expression is due to temperature-dependent transcription of a regulatory cistron in the pilus-adhesin gene cluster [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Body Temperature Regulation

• Enhanced heat loss and age-related hypersensitivity to diazepam [15].
• These findings suggest that hypersensitivity to benzodiazepine in older persons may be due, at least in part, to age-related changes in thermoregulation, especially in the heat loss process [15].
• This role of serotonin is independent of its involvement in modulation of body weight, thermoregulation or exploratory behaviour [16].
• Resiniferatoxin was 3 4 orders of magnitude more potent than capsaicin for the effects on thermoregulation and neurogenic inflammation [17].
• Since post-treatment body weight changes correlated with daily food intakes (r = 0.81) rather than to rectal temperatures (r = -0.19), it appears that hypophagia provided a greater contribution to the estrogen-mediated reductions of growth and carcass fat than did altered energy expenditure for thermoregulation [18].

Biological context of Body Temperature Regulation

• Important functional roles for the 5-HT7 receptor in thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, learning and memory, hippocampal signaling and sleep have also been established [19].
• To further investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the thermoregulation of virB transcription, a mutant which expressed an invasion phenotype at both 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C was isolated using miniTn10-kan (miniKAN) random insertion mutagenesis [20].
• The ventral medulla participates in sleep-related homeostatic responses, including chemoreception, arousal, airway reflex control, thermoregulation, respiratory drive, and blood pressure regulation, in part via serotonin and its receptors [21].
• 3. Mechanisms postulated to explain the phenomenon are inhibitory and facilitatory effects of noradrenaline on some, but not all, heat production and heat loss mechanisms [22].
• Design of a synthetic leptin agonist: effects on energy balance, glucose homeostasis, and thermoregulation [23].

Anatomical context of Body Temperature Regulation

• Increased numbers of multilocular functionally active brown adipocytes, and improved thermoregulation was also observed in obese animals lacking TNF-alpha function [24].
• In the hypothalamus, the locus of thermoregulation in the brain, only IL-1beta and IL-6 are significantly elevated [25].
• The effect of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine injected into a lateral cerebral ventricle, on thermoregulation in the new-born lamb [26].
• Cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate in cerebrospinal fluid during thermoregulation and fever [27].
• The temperature sensitivity of human blood platelets with concomitant changes in serotonin content further supports a link between circulating serotonin and thermoregulation [28].

Associations of Body Temperature Regulation with chemical compounds

• The fever may arise from the drug's pharmacologic action, its effects on thermoregulation, a local complication following parenteral administration, or an idiosyncratic response [29].
• Expression of melatonin receptors in arteries involved in thermoregulation [30].
• Studies in animals suggest that medullary raphé neurons are essential for cold-defense, mediating both the cutaneous vasoconstrictor and thermogenic responses to ambient cooling; however, the involvement of raphé neurons in human thermoregulation has not been investigated [31].
• Previous data from our laboratory have indicated that 5-HT neuronal activity is unaffected by this manipulation, though 5-HT has been implicated specifically in thermoregulation [32].
• These data indicate that ambient temperature has a significant affect on MDMA neurotoxicity, core temperature, and thermoregulation in rats [33].

Gene context of Body Temperature Regulation

• As a result, Dgat(-/-) mice had impaired water repulsion and defective thermoregulation after water immersion [34].
• These findings are consistent with the notion that UCP4 and UCP5 may be involved in tissue-specific thermoregulation and metabolic changes associated with nutritional status [35].
• Starvation caused increased muscle and decreased BAT UCP3, suggesting that muscle assumes a larger role in thermoregulation during starvation [36].
• We have obtained Elovl3-ablated mice and report here that, although cold-acclimated Elovl3-ablated mice experienced an increased heat loss due to impaired skin barrier, they were unable to hyperrecruit their brown adipose tissue [37].
• These results suggest differential roles of BMCP1 and UCP2 in thermoregulation and aging [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Body Temperature Regulation

• To test anesthetic effects on thermoregulation, the authors measured skin-surface temperature gradients (forearm temperature--finger-tip temperature) as an index of cutaneous vasoconstriction in unpremedicated patients anesthetized with 1% halothane and paralyzed with vecuronium during elective, donor nephrectomy [39].
• By means of local application of capsaicin to the nerves of the hind leg and by their chronic denervation, by treatment with phenoxybenzamine and guanethidine, evidence was obtained that reflex withdrawal of sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone mediates the heat loss reaction intravenous capsaicin [40].
• We examined the effects of POAH cell loss, produced by microinjection of neurotoxin (N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid), on sleep and thermoregulation in cats [41].
• Intrathecal injections of norepinephrine (0.30 mumol) and clonidine (0.035 mumol) produced decreases in neural activity recorded from the lumbar sympathetic chain and caused changes in rat thermoregulation consistent with a reduction in efferent sympathetic activity [42].
• In this study rats received MSG in their neonatal period and were examined at the age of 60 days. alpha-MSH caused hypothermia, potentiated induced hypothermia, blocked paradoxical behavioral thermoregulation, improved performance in the Morris water tank, but had no effect on pain threshold [43].

References