Disease relevance of Dianabol

• Both 8-iso PGF(2alpha)and 11-dehyhdro-TxB2 were higher in women with android obesity than women with gynoid obesity (P<.001) [1].
• An additional study was conducted to determine the short-term effects of weight loss in 20 of the 44 women with android obesity [1].
• Low plasma apolipoprotein A-I, insulin resistance, and android fat distribution may be the main risk factors for these arterial changes, which are of considerable concern as possible early events in the genesis of atheroma [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: Body weight, total body fat mass, and proportion of android fat are increased in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism; these unexplained factors may be relevant to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in this condition [3].
• Methyltestosterone therapy in hereditary angioedema [4].

Psychiatry related information on Dianabol

• Cluster 1, 'android obesity', contained 75 percent of the males and was characterized by 'masculine phenotypy', 'poor conditioning' and 'adverse serum lipids', and less 'feminine' responding on the MMPI [5].
• According to logistic regression analyses, anorexia nervosa was characterized by reduced fat tissue and PCOS was characterized by android fat patterning and an increased fat percentage [6].
• Advantages in using low doses of methyltestosterone in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder are discussed [7].
• Second, the android pelvis was encountered mostly in patients exposed to strenuous physical activity during adolescence [8].
• Calorie overconsumption, animal fat rich diet, sitting life style result in the development of android obesity, hypercholesterolemia, that enhance atheromatosis [9].

High impact information on Dianabol

• Of 20 women with android obesity, 11 achieved successful weight loss, which was associated with statistically significant reductions in C-reactive protein (median change, 23%; P<.05), 8-iso PGF(2alpha) (median change, 32%; P =.04) and 11-dehydro-TxB2 (median change, 54%; P =.005) [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: Android obesity is associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and persistent platelet activation [1].
• Cerebrospinal fluid and behavioral changes after methyltestosterone administration: preliminary findings [10].
• CONCLUSION: Although obese women are at slightly higher risk for developing breast cancer, women with android obesity are a segment of obese women who appear to be at a significantly higher risk for developing breast cancer [11].
• Greater deposition of central fat (an android fat pattern) is associated with less favorable plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, blood pressure, and left ventricular mass [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dianabol

• By contrast, 17beta-estradiol, progesterone, cortisone acetate, methyltestosterone, and estrone elicited little or no effect on focus induction by Snyder-Theilen feline sarcoma virus [13].
• The most apparent signs of androgen excess are the external manifestations, including oily skin, acne, hirsutism, android obesity, and androgenic alopecia [14].
• Such a population might include the offspring of patients with these disorders and individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, gestational diabetes, and/or an android pattern of fat distribution [15].
• Among obese women with an android phenotype, 9 exhibited normal plasma triglyceride levels (mean: 1.38 mmol/L) (NTAO), and 7 displayed a frank hypertriglyceridemia (mean: 2.40 mmol/L) (HTAO) [16].
• Upon addition of the synthetic androgen, methyl-testosterone, to the diet, the incidence of cholesterol gallstones in female hamsters increased from 0% to 40% after 3 weeks and from 0% to 86% after 6 weeks [17].

Biological context of Dianabol

• Adiposity was determined as the ratio between total body fat tissue and total body lean tissue, while fat distribution was taken as the ratio between the mass of fat tissue in the android (central) and gynoid (hip and thigh) regions [18].
• Another common ovarian morphology in women with hyperandrogenism is polycystic ovaries, which cluster with hirsutism, anovulation, infertility, gonadotropin secretion abnormalities, android fat distribution, and many important cardiovascular disease risk factors [19].
• DEXA measurements thus clearly demonstrated that sex differences in total fat mass were opposite those of android fat, and that marked menopausal changes in fat mass and its distribution existed [20].
• To determine if male hormones could also be neuroprotective, we investigated the effect of testosterone, methyltestosterone, and epitestosterone at physiological concentrations on primary cultures of human neurons induced to undergo apoptosis by serum deprivation [21].
• The larvae (XX) were produced artificially by mating normal females (XX) with gynogenetic diploid males (XX) which had been sex-reversed to phenotypic males by 17alpha-methyltestosterone [22].

Anatomical context of Dianabol

• These results support the hypothesis that PAI-1 expression in human adipose tissue is controlled by insulin and glucocorticoids and may help to explain the increase in plasma PAI-1 levels observed in patients with android obesity [23].
• While obese women with abdominal (android) fat distribution are more insulin resistant than those with peripheral (gynecoid) obesity, in nonobese women, the relationship between abdominal fat and insulin resistance is unknown [24].
• Muscle tissue in women with Cushing's syndrome had a relatively low proportion of type I (30%) and a high proportion of type IIB (32%) muscle fibers, similar to those in android obesity (45% and 25%, respectively) and in contrast to fiber composition in gynoid obesity (55% and 12%, respectively) [25].
• The maximum labelling indices which appeared on days 2 or 3 of administration of methyltestosterone were 24.3, 8.4, 9.6, 21.6 and 13.7% for the ventral, lateral and dorsal prostate, seminal vesicle and coagulating glands, respectively [26].
• However, to the best of our knowledge this is the first case of emergency resection of a spontaneously ruptured liver cell adenoma in a transexual treated with long term methyltestosterone [27].

Associations of Dianabol with other chemical compounds

• In multiple linear regression analysis, neither age nor adiposity was significantly correlated with any serum lipid or lipoprotein concentration, while increasing android-to-gynoid ratio was independently associated with elevated total serum triglyceride (r = .40, P < 0.01) and decreased HDL2 (r = -.25, P < 0.05) concentrations [18].
• Computer simulation predicted that by interacting with TeBG, therapeutic levels of danazol, methyltestosterone, fluoxymesterone, and norgestrel could displace 83%, 48%, 43%, and 16%, respectively, of the concentration of testosterone bound to TeBG in a normal man [28].
• Testosterone analog, methyltestosterone, showed androgen receptor-dependent neuroprotection that was delayed in time indicating that a metabolite may be the active agent [21].
• The system involves the simultaneous exposure of female sticklebacks to 17alpha-methyltestosterone (a model androgen) at 500 ng/L and suspected environmental antiandrogens over a period of 21 days [29].
• CONCLUSIONS: Combined esterified estrogen-methyltestosterone therapy (in doses of 0.625 mg esterified estrogen + 1.25 mg methyltestosterone or 1.25 mg esterified estrogen + 2.5 mg methyltestosterone) was found to be safe regarding hepatic function in postmenopausal women during the course of 24 months in eight controlled clinical trials [30].

Gene context of Dianabol

• We investigated the influence of a TNF antagonist [Ro 45-2081, a recombinant fusion protein that consists of the soluble TNF-receptor (p55) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1] on insulin sensitivity of patients with android obesity [31].
• The RBA of methyltestosterone was 44% for the androgen receptor, but 11% for SHBG [32].
• Vitamin D and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in android type obesity [33].
• These results demonstrate that in women who practise intense exercise there are significant differences in body fat distribution in comparison to sedentary women, with a marked less amount of android fat, and suggest that this difference may be related to a reduced response of the pituitary-adrenal axis to CRH [34].
• It is concluded that (1) obesity rather than diabetes itself plays a major role for the increased PAI-1 levels in NIDDM; (2) resistance to the antilipolytic effect of insulin, resulting in increased FFA concentrations, may participate in producing elevated PAI-1 levels in android obese subjects [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dianabol

• Of 60 patients (42 female transsexuals and 18 impotent males) receiving long-term therapy with methyltestosterone 50 mg three times a day, 19 had abnormal liver-function tests and 33 out of 52 had abnormal liver scans, particularly those who had been treated for more than a year [36].
• In a double-blind study of four patients with hereditary angioedema, the efficacy of methyltestosterone (taken daily in 10-mg linguet form) in preventing attacks was shown [4].
• Indexes of body fat distribution were not significantly influenced by the short-term treatment by VLCD except waist-hip ratio, which declined in android obese females [37].
• PATIENTS AND STUDY DESIGN: Plasma adiponectin and IL-10 levels were analyzed in 64 android [body mass index (BMI), > 28 kg/m2; waist to hip ratio (WHR), > or = 0.86] and 20 gynoid [BMI, > 28 kg/m2; WHR, < 0.86] obese healthy women [38].
• In addition, there were 15 android obese nondiabetic subjects and 10 healthy subjects serving as the control group [39].

References