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Chemical Compound Review

Mesteron     (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17- hydroxy-10,13...

Synonyms: Android, Mesterone, Metandren, Methitest, Testred, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Dianabol

 

Psychiatry related information on Dianabol

 

High impact information on Dianabol

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Dianabol

 

Biological context of Dianabol

  • Adiposity was determined as the ratio between total body fat tissue and total body lean tissue, while fat distribution was taken as the ratio between the mass of fat tissue in the android (central) and gynoid (hip and thigh) regions [18].
  • Another common ovarian morphology in women with hyperandrogenism is polycystic ovaries, which cluster with hirsutism, anovulation, infertility, gonadotropin secretion abnormalities, android fat distribution, and many important cardiovascular disease risk factors [19].
  • DEXA measurements thus clearly demonstrated that sex differences in total fat mass were opposite those of android fat, and that marked menopausal changes in fat mass and its distribution existed [20].
  • To determine if male hormones could also be neuroprotective, we investigated the effect of testosterone, methyltestosterone, and epitestosterone at physiological concentrations on primary cultures of human neurons induced to undergo apoptosis by serum deprivation [21].
  • The larvae (XX) were produced artificially by mating normal females (XX) with gynogenetic diploid males (XX) which had been sex-reversed to phenotypic males by 17alpha-methyltestosterone [22].
 

Anatomical context of Dianabol

  • These results support the hypothesis that PAI-1 expression in human adipose tissue is controlled by insulin and glucocorticoids and may help to explain the increase in plasma PAI-1 levels observed in patients with android obesity [23].
  • While obese women with abdominal (android) fat distribution are more insulin resistant than those with peripheral (gynecoid) obesity, in nonobese women, the relationship between abdominal fat and insulin resistance is unknown [24].
  • Muscle tissue in women with Cushing's syndrome had a relatively low proportion of type I (30%) and a high proportion of type IIB (32%) muscle fibers, similar to those in android obesity (45% and 25%, respectively) and in contrast to fiber composition in gynoid obesity (55% and 12%, respectively) [25].
  • The maximum labelling indices which appeared on days 2 or 3 of administration of methyltestosterone were 24.3, 8.4, 9.6, 21.6 and 13.7% for the ventral, lateral and dorsal prostate, seminal vesicle and coagulating glands, respectively [26].
  • However, to the best of our knowledge this is the first case of emergency resection of a spontaneously ruptured liver cell adenoma in a transexual treated with long term methyltestosterone [27].
 

Associations of Dianabol with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Dianabol

  • We investigated the influence of a TNF antagonist [Ro 45-2081, a recombinant fusion protein that consists of the soluble TNF-receptor (p55) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1] on insulin sensitivity of patients with android obesity [31].
  • The RBA of methyltestosterone was 44% for the androgen receptor, but 11% for SHBG [32].
  • Vitamin D and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in android type obesity [33].
  • These results demonstrate that in women who practise intense exercise there are significant differences in body fat distribution in comparison to sedentary women, with a marked less amount of android fat, and suggest that this difference may be related to a reduced response of the pituitary-adrenal axis to CRH [34].
  • It is concluded that (1) obesity rather than diabetes itself plays a major role for the increased PAI-1 levels in NIDDM; (2) resistance to the antilipolytic effect of insulin, resulting in increased FFA concentrations, may participate in producing elevated PAI-1 levels in android obese subjects [35].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dianabol

References

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  13. Influence of glucocorticoid, estrogen, and androgen hormones on transformation of human cells in vitro by feline sarcoma virus. Schaller, J.P., Milo, G.E., Blakeslee, J.R., Olsen, R.G., Yohn, D.S. Cancer Res. (1976) [Pubmed]
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  17. Hormonal control of cholesterol cholelithiasis in the female hamster. Ayyad, N., Cohen, B.I., Mosbach, E.H., Mikami, T., Mikami, Y., Ohshima, A. J. Lipid Res. (1995) [Pubmed]
  18. Body fat distribution, rather than overall adiposity, influences serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy men independently of age. Walton, C., Lees, B., Crook, D., Worthington, M., Godsland, I.F., Stevenson, J.C. Am. J. Med. (1995) [Pubmed]
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  22. Suppression of P450 aromatase gene expression in sex-reversed males produced by rearing genetically female larvae at a high water temperature during a period of sex differentiation in the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Kitano, T., Takamune, K., Kobayashi, T., Nagahama, Y., Abe, S.I. J. Mol. Endocrinol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  23. Glucocorticoids and insulin promote plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 production by human adipose tissue. Morange, P.E., Aubert, J., Peiretti, F., Lijnen, H.R., Vague, P., Verdier, M., Négrel, R., Juhan-Vague, I., Alessi, M.C. Diabetes (1999) [Pubmed]
  24. Abdominal fat and insulin resistance in normal and overweight women: Direct measurements reveal a strong relationship in subjects at both low and high risk of NIDDM. Carey, D.G., Jenkins, A.B., Campbell, L.V., Freund, J., Chisholm, D.J. Diabetes (1996) [Pubmed]
  25. Muscle and adipose tissue morphology and metabolism in Cushing's syndrome. Rebuffé-Scrive, M., Krotkiewski, M., Elfverson, J., Björntorp, P. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1988) [Pubmed]
  26. Proliferative response of rat accessory sex organs to dietary sex hormones after castration or initial dietary administration of estrogen. Shirai, T., Ikawa, E., Imaida, K., Tagawa, Y., Ito, N. J. Urol. (1987) [Pubmed]
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  28. Transport of steroid hormones: interaction of 70 drugs with testosterone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in human plasma. Pugeat, M.M., Dunn, J.F., Nisula, B.C. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1981) [Pubmed]
  29. Use of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) as a sensitive in vivo test for detection of environmental antiandrogens. Katsiadaki, I., Morris, S., Squires, C., Hurst, M.R., James, J.D., Scott, A.P. Environ. Health Perspect. (2006) [Pubmed]
  30. Liver function in postmenopausal women on estrogen-androgen hormone replacement therapy: a meta-analysis of eight clinical trials. Gitlin, N., Korner, P., Yang, H.M. Menopause (New York, N.Y.) (1999) [Pubmed]
  31. No increased insulin sensitivity after a single intravenous administration of a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor: Fc fusion protein in obese insulin-resistant patients. Paquot, N., Castillo, M.J., Lefèbvre, P.J., Scheen, A.J. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2000) [Pubmed]
  32. Binding of 17-alpha-methyltestosterone in vitro to human sex hormone binding globulin and rat ventral prostate androgen receptors. Wiita, B., Artis, A., Ackerman, D.M., Longcope, C. Therapeutic drug monitoring. (1995) [Pubmed]
  33. Vitamin D and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in android type obesity. Speer, G., Cseh, K., Winkler, G., Vargha, P., Braun, E., Takács, I., Lakatos, P. Eur. J. Endocrinol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  34. Body-fat distribution and responsiveness of the pituitary-adrenal axis to corticotropin-releasing-hormone stimulation in sedentary and exercising women. Fabbri, A., Giannini, D., Aversa, A., De Martino, M.U., Fabbrini, E., Franceschi, F., Moretti, C., Frajese, G., Isidori, A. J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1999) [Pubmed]
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