Disease relevance of KCNK3

• Acidic pH values and hypoxia inhibit TASK-1 and TASK-3 channel function, and halothane enhances this function [1].
• Mutual functional destruction of HIV-1 Vpu and host TASK-1 channel [2].
• TASK-1 was expressed in the CNS and some peripheral tissues, whereas TASK-2 was exclusively expressed in the periphery except for mRNA expression observed in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord [3].
• METHODS: Using an observational correlation design, subjects with clinical signs and symptoms of COPD were videotaped performing the 15CBS at a self-selected (task 1) and an 8-s counting pace (task 2), on two occasions with 5-min rest between attempts [4].
• RESULTS: As hypothesized, reading span of the tinnitus group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (Task 1) [5].

Psychiatry related information on KCNK3

• Results indicated that children who make pitch discriminations as demonstrated by nearly perfect scores on Task 1 often fail to demonstrate those discriminations on tasks requiring relational language [6].
• The CCS model also predicts that Task 1 response times increase with decreasing SOA [7].
• To answer this question, the authors trained 6 participants for 36 sessions in a Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) experiment, where Task 1 required a speeded vocal response to an auditory stimulus and Task 2 required a speeded manual response to a visual stimulus [8].
• Conceptual understanding was assessed by the ability to spontaneously use such relational properties in problem solving (Task 1) and to recognize and explain them when prompted (Task 2) [9].
• Physical activity counseling for healthy adults as a primary preventive intervention in the clinical setting. Report for the US Preventive Services Task Force [10].

High impact information on KCNK3

• These guidelines were developed jointly by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer and the American Cancer Society to provide a broader consensus and thereby increase utilization of the recommendations by endoscopists [11].
• Recommendations on prophylaxis and therapy for disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Public Health Service Task Force on Prophylaxis and Therapy for Mycobacterium avium Complex [12].
• Unexplained opportunistic infections and CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia without HIV infection. An investigation of cases in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia Task Force [13].
• Screening is endorsed by most professional organizations, including the US Preventive Services Task Force. While most hearing loss in older adults is sensorineural and due to presbycusis, cerumen impaction and chronic otitis media may be present in up to 30% of elderly patients with hearing loss and can be treated by the primary care clinician [14].
• Genetic testing for susceptibility to cancer. Task Force on Cancer Genetics Education [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of KCNK3

• Furthermore, we have used antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against hTASK1 and hTASK3 to suppress almost completely the hTASK1 protein and show that these cells no longer respond to acute hypoxia; this behavior was not mirrored in liposome-only or missense-treated cells [16].
• Optimizing care for persons with HIV infection. Society of General Internal Medicine AIDS Task Force [17].
• METHODS: Thirty-seven cocaine abusers and 27 control subjects were administered the following memory and mood measures: California Verbal Learning Test, recall of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Pursuit Rotor Task, and Profile of Mood States at 4 visits (within 72 hours of admission and at 10, 21, and 45 days following abstinence) [18].
• The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), written at the request of the World Health Organization/US Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Task Force on Psychiatric Assessment Instruments, combines questions from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule with questions designed to elicit Present State Examination items [19].
• Diagnosis of natural rubber latex allergy: multicenter latex skin testing efficacy study. Multicenter Latex Skin Testing Study Task Force [20].

Biological context of KCNK3

• Mapping of human potassium channel genes TREK-1 (KCNK2) and TASK (KCNK3) to chromosomes 1q41 and 2p23 [21].
• Therefore we investigated expression and activity of the two-pore domain K+ channels TASK1 and 2 in relation to gestation and differentiation, using villous tissue from first and third trimester and cultured cytotrophoblast cells at mononucleate and multinucleate stages of culture [22].
• Other K+ alpha-subunit mRNAs, including TASK1, remained unaltered but the regulatory BKCa beta-subunit, like TASK2, was higher in first trimester than term (P < .001) [22].
• CONCLUSION: TASK1 and 2 are expressed in placental trophoblast cells and TASK1 activity may have a role in regulating syncytiotrophoblast homeostasis and/or solute transport functions [22].
• TASK-1 belongs to the 2P domain K+ channel family and is the prototype of background K+ channels that set the resting membrane potential and tune action potential duration [23].

Anatomical context of KCNK3

• TASK-1 and TASK-3, members of the two-pore-domain channel family, are widely expressed leak potassium channels responsible for maintenance of cell membrane potential and input resistance [24].
• The pia mater, astrocytes, Purkinje and granule cells demonstrated strong TASK-1 and TASK-3 positivities [25].
• Western blotting for TASK1 in cytotrophoblast cells gave two bands of approximately 78 and 150 kd; TREK1 gave bands of approximately 90 and 130 kd [26].
• Proton sensitivity could be rescued by injecting equimolar amounts of wild-type and mutant TASK-1 cRNA into Xenopus oocytes; the effect was that expected if half the channels formed are heteromers [27].
• Removal of a putative endoplasmic reticulum retention sequence did not alter this finding and the distribution of channel proteins in HEK293 cells was similar for both TASK-1 and TASK-5 [27].

Associations of KCNK3 with chemical compounds

• Both basal and pH 8.0-stimulated efflux was inhibited by the TASK1 antagonist anandamide (n = 5 for both conditions; P < .01 and P < .001, respectively) [22].
• Our data indicate that TASK-1 and TASK-3 do not play a role in mediating the immobility produced by halothane, although they are plausible molecular targets for the ventilatory effects of doxapram [1].
• Chimera studies suggested that the carboxy terminus of TASK-1 is important for doxapram inhibition [1].
• On the other hand, heteromeric TASK channels were like TASK-3 insofar as they were activated by high concentrations of isoflurane (0.8 mm), whereas TASK-1 channels were inhibited [28].
• Stoichiometry of organic anion/dicarboxylate exchange in membrane vesicles from rat renal cortex and hOAT1-expressing cells [29].

Physical interactions of KCNK3

• The present set of experiments investigated the Bereitschaftspotential (BP) preceding voluntary bimanual sequential simple (task 1) and complex movements (task 2) in supplementary/cingulate and primary motor areas (SCMA, MIs) using 64-channel direct current electroencephalography analysis in 16 right-handed healthy subjects [30].

Co-localisations of KCNK3

• TASK1 immunofluorescence in placenta colocalized with cytokeratin-7, a trophoblast-specific marker [26].

Regulatory relationships of KCNK3

• Contrary to this conception, the authors found backward response-level crosstalk effects in which Task 2 response force requirements influenced the force-time dynamics of Task 1 responses [31].
• 5-HT1A receptors increase excitability of spinal motoneurons by inhibiting a TASK-1-like K+ current in the adult turtle [32].

Other interactions of KCNK3

• Differential distribution of TASK-1, TASK-2 and TASK-3 immunoreactivities in the rat and human cerebellum [25].
• We tested whether TASK-5 could form heteromers with TASK-1 [27].
• This association with p11 requires the integrity of the last three C-terminal amino acids, Ser-Ser-Val, in TASK-1 [23].
• p11, an annexin II subunit, an auxiliary protein associated with the background K+ channel, TASK-1 [23].
• However, the mRNA expression levels for sulfonylurea receptor 1, a component affording nucleotide-binding folds to K(ATP) channels, and TASK1 were down-regulated in PC12 cells cultured with 50muM risperidone for 24h, but the amount of intracellular ATP in these cells was not affected by the drug [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of KCNK3

• The average time for trials 1 and 5 of task 1, manual laparoscopy, was 205.3 and 169 seconds, respectively [34].
• Sequence analysis predicted significant structural homology between the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu and the N-terminal region of TASK-1, a mammalian background K(+) channel [2].
• A comprehensive in situ hybridization analysis revealed that both TASK-1 and TASK-3 transcripts are most strongly expressed in many neurons likely to be cholinergic, serotonergic, or noradrenergic [35].
• We scan 12 subjects using functional MRI while they conduct two tasks-shape discrimination in task 1 and color discrimination in task 2-and vary the SOA between tasks as 100 or 1500 ms [36].
• RT-PCR experiments revealed the expression of TASK1, TASK3, and HCN1-4 [37].

References