Disease relevance of ENPP3

• Our results suggested that E-NPP3 is associated with carcinogenesis of human colon cancer and that serum E-NPP3 might be a tumor marker of colon carcinoma [1].
• Human PDNP3 is expressed in glioma cells, prostate, and uterus, but not in the alimentary tract [2].
• Differential expression of PC-1 and B10 could modulate cartilage mineralization in degenerative joint diseases [3].
• PNAE represents the main biologically active antitumor component of the cACPL biopreparation and exhibits a significant antitumor effect in vivo in B10/An mice bearing Mc11 fibrosarcoma [4].
• Among the phages selected was clone lambda B10 containing two complete lectin genes in the same orientation approximately 4 kb apart [5].

High impact information on ENPP3

• T cells able to suppress either anti-lysozyme plaque-forming cells (PFC) response are induced in B10 mice after immunization with HEL-complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or HUL-CFA [6].
• However, anti-HEL or anti-HUL primary antibody responses in vivo or in vitro can be obtained in B10 mice by immunization with the appropriate lysozyme coupled to erythrocytes [6].
• Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated splenic lymphocytes from (B10 X B10.D2)F1 expressed Ia.22 although both the parents were negative [7].
• In contrast to B10, HEL-CFA priming in B10.Q micr induces helper cells whereas HUL-CFA priming induces suppressor cells [6].
• Glutamine B10 and histidine E7 (the distal histidine) swing towards each other and, between them, stabilize a water molecule in the normally hydrophobic heme pocket [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of ENPP3

• The antitumor activity of four new platinum analogues was compared at equitoxic doses to that of cisplatin in B10 LP/cpb nude mice bearing xenografts of human ovarian carcinomas [9].
• We have identified a novel member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily by cDNA cloning from a human osteosarcoma SAOS-2/B10 cell library [10].
• CONCLUSION: Sera from patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria and positive autologous serum skin test significantly upregulate basophil CD203c and correlate with basophil histamine release [11].
• Highly localized energy depositions come from Auger emitters such as 125I and by the neutron capture therapy, where boron-10 in the tumor cell is exposed to thermal neutrons for initiating the B10 (n; alpha) Li7 reaction, especially for treating neuro- and glioblastoma and melanoma [12].
• There were small but significant reductions in isoprenaline-induced tachycardia with bisoprolol and atenolol, although mean dose-ratios were considerably less in comparison with N40 (IH25 dose-ratios): B5 2.55, B10 3.18, B20 3.93, A50 2.91, A100 4.89, N40 17.23 [13].

Biological context of ENPP3

• By using in situ hybridization to human metaphase chromosomes, we have assigned the locus for the PD-Ibeta (PDNP3) gene to the q22 region of human chromosome 6 [14].
• The PD-Ibeta cDNA contains a 2625-bp-long open reading frame which encodes an 875-amino-acid protein [14].
• We have now cloned the third member of this family from a human prostate cDNA library and designated it human phosphodiesterase-Ibeta (PD-Ibeta) [14].
• We determined the nucleotide sequence of the 5'-flanking region of human and rat PDNP3 genes [2].
• The human PDNP3 gene spans over 60 kb and is organized into 25 exons and 24 introns [2].

Anatomical context of ENPP3

• COS-7 cells transfected with an expression vector, pBK-CMV, containing PD-Ibeta cDNA had high phosphodiesterase I activity compared to the mock-transfected cells [14].
• Immunohistochemically, E-NPP3 was expressed not only in the apical but also in the basolateral plasma membranes of cancer cells [1].
• In addition, E-NPP3 messenger RNA expression was detected in basophils but not other peripheral blood cells [15].
• Genomic structure and promoter analysis of the ecto-phosphodiesterase I gene (PDNP3) expressed in glial cells [2].
• Differential mechanisms of inorganic pyrophosphate production by plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 and B10 in chondrocytes [3].

Associations of ENPP3 with chemical compounds

• Transcytosis of two apical membrane proteins-the alkaline phosphodiesterase B10 and dipeptidyl peptidase IV-was affected to the same extent by 201-F and nocodazole [16].
• In addition, it contains a tyrosine at position 10 of B helix (B10) in place of the leucine generally found there in vertebrate myoglobins and hemoglobins [17].
• Immunoblotting of these fragments with the monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B10 directed to factor V and the thrombin-generated C1 fragment yields results demonstrating a common epitope in these calpain-generated components of 200, 160, 140 and 120 kd [18].
• The C conformer is stabilized by a strong polar interaction of the CO with the distal B10 tyrosine residue [19].
• The corresponding cell surface antigen was identified as a membrane glycoprotein (gp130RB13-6) and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from the tumorigenic neuroectodermal rat cell line BT4Ca [20].

Regulatory relationships of ENPP3

• Histamine release upon allergen stimulation, expression of CD203c and allergen-induced production of IL-4 and IL-13 by basophils were examined [21].
• The 5-lipoxygenase products leuko-triene B(4) and 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid also stimulated CD203c expression but to a lesser extent than PGD(2), whereas leukotriene D(4) was inactive [22].

Other interactions of ENPP3

• Immunohistochemically E-NPP1 was located on the apical cytoplasmic side of cancer cells, whereas E-NPP3 was located in the apical plasma membrane [23].
• Recent work has shown that PC-1 is a member of a multigene family of ecto-phosphodiesterases that currently has two other members, PD-1 alpha (autotaxin) and PD-1 beta (B10) [24].
• Enriched basophils (1-12%) were analysed by flow cytometry for expression of activation markers including CD63, CD69, and CD203c [25].
• We examined the early effects of RIT on basophil numbers and expression of CD203c, production of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and histamine release by basophils in the peripheral blood of patients treated with immunotherapy and controls [21].
• Activation of these cells with IgE and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine results in a variety of responses, including increased surface expression of CD203c and CD11b and release of histamine [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ENPP3

• Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of PD-Ibeta (PDNP3), a new member of the human phosphodiesterase I genes [14].
• Western blotting showed strong E-NPP3 expression in cancer tissues and in the serum of colon carcinoma patients [1].
• Sequence alignment of high-performance liquid chromatography-selected tryptic peptides from the resulting 130- and 150-kd bands revealed a 100% identity with amino acids 393 to 405 of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-3 (E-NPP3; CD203c) but not of the related ectoenzyme PC-1 (E-NPP1) [15].
• Furthermore, confocal microscopy with immunofluorescent staining of articular chondrocytes confirmed preferential plasma membrane localization of PC-1, relative to B10 [3].
• Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we assessed the competitive binding to F-Va of H2, H1 (human MAb directed to light chain, F1F2), and two murine MAbs, B38 (to F1F2) and B10 (to activation peptide C1) [26].

References