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PRCP  -  prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C)

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: Angiotensinase C, HUMPCP, Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase, Lysosomal carboxypeptidase C, PCP, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of PRCP

  • CHO cells were transfected with full-length PRCP under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter, and CHO recombinant PRCP was expressed as a fusion protein with COOH-terminal enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) [1].
  • These results indicate that heat-treated E. coli aerosols can act as an immune response modifier by inducing resolution of PCP in mice by a mechanism not dependent on the presence of CD4+ lymphocytes [2].
  • This methodology permitted us to demonstrate that the plasma PCP levels in 17 normal donors averaged 6.47 pM, and that elevations up to 180 pM were observed in individuals with evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation [3].
  • PCP prophylaxis in paediatric HIV infection: time for a change [4]?
  • Phencyclidine [1-(phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine; PCP], in low dose (approximately equal to 0.1-0.2 mg/kg of body weight), induces a schizophrenia-like behavioral syndrome in man; this effect has been attributed to block of neuronal K channels [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on PRCP

 

High impact information on PRCP

  • Release of endothelial cell heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) or the enzyme prolylcarboxypeptidase leads to activation of the bradykinin-forming cascade by activating the prekallikrein-HK complex [11].
  • Antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor, including phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine, protect against brain damage in neurological disorders such as stroke [12].
  • Quisqualate and PCP receptor binding were reduced by 67 percent, and the binding to other receptors was reduced by 55 percent or less [6].
  • This drug blocks potassium ion channels in brain tissue, and there is a specific PCP binding to lymphocytes [13].
  • However, depletion of Thy-1+ lymphocytes in these mice abrogated their ability to resolve PCP and reduced the numbers of macrophages that accumulated in the lungs [2].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of PRCP

 

Biological context of PRCP

  • Anti-PRCP antibody and Z-Pro-Pro-aldehyde dimethyl acetate also blocked PK activation (IC50= 0.01 and 7.0 mM, respectively) [1].
  • These properties and the substrate specificity distinguish PCP from cathepsin A, which is also in fibroblasts [18].
  • We conclude that the high-affinity PCP binding protein is associated with the K channels that are blocked by nanomolar concentrations of PCP [5].
  • According to the model, the high affinity PCP binding site is located between the alpha and beta receptor subunits, and the drug thus becomes attached simultaneously to both [19].
  • The cAMP-regulated phosphorylation of PCPP-260 is presumably involved in membrane functions important to Purkinje cells [20].
 

Anatomical context of PRCP

 

Associations of PRCP with chemical compounds

 

Regulatory relationships of PRCP

 

Other interactions of PRCP

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of PRCP

References

  1. Overexpression of prolylcarboxypeptidase enhances plasma prekallikrein activation on Chinese hamster ovary cells. Shariat-Madar, Z., Rahimy, E., Mahdi, F., Schmaier, A.H. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. Resolution of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in CD4+ lymphocyte-depleted mice given aerosols of heat-treated Escherichia coli. Harmsen, A.G., Chen, W. J. Exp. Med. (1992) [Pubmed]
  3. Detection of protein C activation in humans. Bauer, K.A., Kass, B.L., Beeler, D.L., Rosenberg, R.D. J. Clin. Invest. (1984) [Pubmed]
  4. PCP prophylaxis in paediatric HIV infection: time for a change? Kovacs, J.A., Kovacs, A.A. Lancet (1994) [Pubmed]
  5. Phencyclidine in nanomolar concentrations binds to synaptosomes and blocks certain potassium channels. Blaustein, M.P., Ickowicz, R.K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1983) [Pubmed]
  6. NMDA receptor losses in putamen from patients with Huntington's disease. Young, A.B., Greenamyre, J.T., Hollingsworth, Z., Albin, R., D'Amato, C., Shoulson, I., Penney, J.B. Science (1988) [Pubmed]
  7. Phencyclidine abuse mimicking head injury. Corales, R.L., Maull, K.I., Becker, D.P. JAMA (1980) [Pubmed]
  8. The paradox of phencyclidine (PCP) abuse. Stillman, R., Petersen, R.C. Ann. Intern. Med. (1979) [Pubmed]
  9. The N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists phencyclidine, ketamine and dizocilpine as both behavioral and anatomical models of the dementias. Ellison, G. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. (1995) [Pubmed]
  10. Recent advances in the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia. Javitt, D.C., Zukin, S.R. The American journal of psychiatry. (1991) [Pubmed]
  11. Formation of bradykinin: a major contributor to the innate inflammatory response. Joseph, K., Kaplan, A.P. Adv. Immunol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  12. NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity: mechanism and prevention. Olney, J.W., Labruyere, J., Wang, G., Wozniak, D.F., Price, M.T., Sesma, M.A. Science (1991) [Pubmed]
  13. Phencyclidine-induced immunodepression. Khansari, N., Whitten, H.D., Fudenberg, H.H. Science (1984) [Pubmed]
  14. Prolonged psychosis attributed to phencyclidine: report of three cases. Rainey, J.M., Crowder, M.K. The American journal of psychiatry. (1975) [Pubmed]
  15. A.E. Bennett Research Award. Reversal of phencyclidine-induced effects by glycine and glycine transport inhibitors. Javitt, D.C., Balla, A., Sershen, H., Lajtha, A. Biol. Psychiatry (1999) [Pubmed]
  16. Effects of diazepam, citalopram, methadone and naloxone on PCP-induced stereotyped behaviour and social isolation in the rat social interaction test. Sams-Dodd, F. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. (1998) [Pubmed]
  17. Continuous phencyclidine treatment induces schizophrenia-like hyperreactivity of striatal dopamine release. Balla, A., Koneru, R., Smiley, J., Sershen, H., Javitt, D.C. Neuropsychopharmacology (2001) [Pubmed]
  18. Prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C) in human lung and cultured cells. Kumamoto, K., Stewart, T.A., Johnson, A.R., Erdös, E.G. J. Clin. Invest. (1981) [Pubmed]
  19. Localization of phencyclidine binding sites on alpha and beta subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo ocellata electric organ using azido phencyclidine. Haring, R., Kloog, Y., Sokolovsky, M. J. Neurosci. (1984) [Pubmed]
  20. PCPP-260, a Purkinje cell-specific cyclic AMP-regulated membrane phosphoprotein of Mr 260,000. Walaas, S.I., Nairn, A.C., Greengard, P. J. Neurosci. (1986) [Pubmed]
  21. Recombinant prolylcarboxypeptidase activates plasma prekallikrein. Shariat-Madar, Z., Mahdi, F., Schmaier, A.H. Blood (2004) [Pubmed]
  22. Cellular carboxypeptidases. Skidgel, R.A., Erdös, E.G. Immunol. Rev. (1998) [Pubmed]
  23. Purification and properties of prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C) from human kidney. Odya, C.E., Marinkovic, D.V., Hammon, K.J., Stewart, T.A., Erdös, E.G. J. Biol. Chem. (1978) [Pubmed]
  24. Sequencing and cloning of human prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C). Similarity to both serine carboxypeptidase and prolylendopeptidase families. Tan, F., Morris, P.W., Skidgel, R.A., Erdös, E.G. J. Biol. Chem. (1993) [Pubmed]
  25. Portraits from memory. 17--Sir Walter Russell Brain, FRS, PRCP (later Lord Brain). Howie, J. British medical journal (Clinical research ed.) (1987) [Pubmed]
  26. Sequence, purification, and cloning of an intracellular serine protease, quiescent cell proline dipeptidase. Underwood, R., Chiravuri, M., Lee, H., Schmitz, T., Kabcenell, A.K., Yardley, K., Huber, B.T. J. Biol. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  27. The kallikrein-kinin and the renin-angiotensin systems have a multilayered interaction. Schmaier, A.H. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  28. Identification and characterization of prolylcarboxypeptidase as an endothelial cell prekallikrein activator. Shariat-Madar, Z., Mahdi, F., Schmaier, A.H. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
  29. The current outbreak of Kaposi's sarcoma and opportunistic infections. Haverkos, H.W., Curran, J.W. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. (1982) [Pubmed]
 
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