Disease relevance of Genes, Bacterial

• A bacterial gene involved in transcription antitermination: regulation at a rho-independent terminator in the bgl operon of E. coli [1].
• An infectious retrovirus vector has been used to transfer a bacterial gene encoding resistance to the neomycin analogue G418 into pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells present in explanted murine bone marrow tissue [2].
• Thirteen of these 15 isolates collected between 1996 and 1998 were positive for a 631-base pair polymerase chain reaction product obtained by using primers specific for the ampC gene of Citrobacter freundii [3].
• We constructed recombinant AAV virions containing the human alpha-globin gene sequences in antisense orientation driven by the herpesvirus thymidine kinase (TK) promoter, the SV40 early gene promoter, and the human alpha-globin gene promoter, respectively, as well as a bacterial gene for resistance to neomycin (neoR) as a selectable marker [4].
• Thus, the inaZ fusion system provides a sensitive, convenient and inexpensive tool for the study of bacterial gene expression, particularly during plant pathogenesis, and should be generally useful as a reporter gene system in Gram-negative bacteria [5].

High impact information on Genes, Bacterial

• Thiamine derivatives bind messenger RNAs directly to regulate bacterial gene expression [6].
• In these fleas, the plague-causing bacteria are surrounded by an extracellular matrix of unknown composition, and the blockage depends on a group of bacterial genes known as the hmsHFRS operon [7].
• We have obtained long-term stable transformants of T. brucei that have acquired the ability to grow in medium containing the drug G418, following the targeted insertion of the bacterial gene for neomycin phosphotransferase (neo(r) gene) into the trypanosome tubulin cluster [8].
• Moreover, the physiological defect in purine nucleotide synthesis characteristic of human Lesch-Nyhan cells can be overcome by the introduction of the bacterial gene into these cells [9].
• To determine if editing may occur in a chimeric mRNA, the N-terminal part of psbL containing the editing site was translationally fused with the aadA and kan bacterial genes [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Genes, Bacterial

• To assess the role of ras protein in T-cell activation we have cotransfected the murine thymoma line EL4 with a construct capable of expressing a constitutively active, oncogenic form of Ha-ras and a reporter construct containing the human interleukin-2 promoter fused upstream of the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase [11].
• We examined the molecular responses of Escherichia coli to plumbagin by using a proteomic approach to search for bacterial genes up-regulated by the drug [12].
• The bacterial gene aadA encodes the enzyme aminoglycoside-3"-adenyltransferase that confers resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin in Escherichia coli [13].
• Pseudomonas asplenii AC, isolated from PAH-contaminated soil, was transformed to express a bacterial gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and both native and transformed bacteria were tested for growth promotion [14].
• The promoter 35Sp, from cauliflower mosaic virus, was fused to the bacterial gene APH(3')II, which confers resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotic G418 [15].

Biological context of Genes, Bacterial

• Crithidia fasciculata cells were treated with a plasmid (pDK96) containing pBR322 sequences, a Leishmania tarentolae maxicircle autonomously replicating sequence, and the bacterial gene for aminoglycoside 3' phosphotransferase I inserted between the yeast alcohol dehydrogenase 1 promotor and terminator sequences [16].
• Fusions with the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase followed by P-element-mediated germ-line transformation in Drosophila have permitted localization of the DNA sequence that confers a high degree of developmental specificity on a pair of silkmoth eggshell (chorion) genes [17].
• For this purpose, a c-myc hybrid indicator gene was formed by joining the c-myc promoter region, first noncoding exon, and intron to the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) [18].
• To determine whether transcription is mediated through a single or multiple genetic elements, we have dissected the sequences upstream of the transcription start site of the human HSP70 gene by constructing chimeric genes retaining variable amounts of 5' flanking regions fused to the bacterial gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase [19].
• Differentially expressed genes included those that affect host cell death, suggesting that the phoP regulatory system controls bacterial genes that alter macrophage survival [20].

Anatomical context of Genes, Bacterial

• Redox modulation of the expression of bacterial genes encoding cysteine-rich proteins in plant protoplasts [21].
• This resulted in the identification of one novel P4-regulated gene that had been previously found in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and called immune response gene-1 (Irg1) and which is the mammalian ortholog of the bacterial gene encoding methylcitrate dehydratase [22].
• Two bacterial genes, encoding ICL and MS, were modified in order to introduce them into the mouse germ line [23].
• Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells have been modified genetically by the use of replication-defective retroviral vectors containing either the bacterial gene for beta-galactosidase (lac Z) or cDNAs for mouse beta-nerve growth factor (NGF) and the bacterial gene for neomycin resistance [24].
• Histochemical staining of clonal mammalian cell lines expressing E. coli beta galactosidase indicates heterogeneous expression of the bacterial gene [25].

Associations of Genes, Bacterial with chemical compounds

• Growth phase dependence of the activation of a bacterial gene for carotenoid synthesis by blue light [26].
• We have transformed tobacco with two bacterial genes coding for enzymes that convert chorismate into SA by a two-step process [27].
• AS52 cells contain a single functional copy of a bacterial gene, the xanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (gpt) gene instead of its mammalian equivalent, the hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene [28].
• Stringent control mediated by the bacterial alarmone guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) is a key regulatory process governing bacterial gene expression [29].
• A bacterial gene encoding mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, mtlD, was engineered for expression in higher plants [30].

Gene context of Genes, Bacterial

• Based on sequence similarities to a bacterial gene involved in capsule synthesis we have cloned a gene from Arabidopsis, now designated GER1, which encodes a bifunctional 3, 5-epimerase-4-reductase in L-fucose synthesis [31].
• A Tn10-lacZ-kanR-URA3 gene fusion transposon for insertion mutagenesis and fusion analysis of yeast and bacterial genes [32].
• Bacterial genes mutL, mutS, and dcm participate in repair of mismatches at 5-methylcytosine sites [33].
• The tdc genes and ORFX showed similar codon usage and, in analogy with other bacterial genes, showed codon usage typical for genes expressed at an intermediate level [34].
• Its adsorption is controlled by at least three bacterial genes: dcrA, dcrB, and btuB [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Genes, Bacterial

• Sequence analysis of DNA flanking the site of transposon showed various insertion sites of bacterial genes that are virulence-associated genes, including virB genes, an ion transporter system, and biosynthesis- and metabolism-associated genes [36].
• A total of 22 ceftriaxone-resistant isolates were investigated by PCR sequencing of the bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(CTX-M) and ampC genes [37].
• Up to 2 mg/g fresh weight PHB was produced in suspension cultures of Black Mexican Sweet maize cells after biolistic transformation with three peroxisomally targeted bacterial genes [38].
• In this paper, we describe an alternative approach, in which the donor OBs in a homotopic OB transplantation were derived from transgenic mice carrying the bacterial gene lacZ under control from the regulatory region of GAD67 gene [39].

References