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Chemical Compound Review

caproate     hexanoate

Synonyms: hexylate, Hexanoate, capronate, hexoate, butylacetate, ...
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Disease relevance of Capronic acid

  • The cloned fragments could not only complement PHA-negative mutants of Alcaligenes eutrophus and Pseudomonas putida, but also confer the ability to synthesize P(3HB-co-3HHx) from octanoate or hexanoate on the mutants' hosts [1].
  • The recombinant esterase that was overexpressed and purified from E. coli was active above 30 degrees C up to 95 degrees C and had a high thermal stability [2].
  • The Clostridium bryantii-Methanospirillum hungatei syntrophic coculture, grown on caproate, was adapted to grow on crotonate [3].
  • We have previously reported that the spirostenol derivative (22R, 25R)-20alpha-spirost-5-en-3beta-yl hexanoate (SP-233) protects neuronal cells against Abeta(1-42) toxicity by binding to and inactivating the peptide [4].
  • We hypothesized that treatment with 17-OHP caproate is more effective in prolonging pregnancy depending on the gestational age of the earliest previous preterm birth (20-27.9, 28-33.9 vs 34-36.9 weeks) [5].
 

High impact information on Capronic acid

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Capronic acid

 

Biological context of Capronic acid

  • Differences between retinyl butyrate and retinyl caproate hydrolysis suggested the possible presence of two short-chain esterase activities associated with both rat and human BBMs, in addition to the long-chain activity [15].
  • During the simulation, a methyl hexanoate entered the active-site groove [16].
  • Transfection analyses indicate that inhibition of ACCalpha transcription by cAMP or hexanoate is mediated by ACCalpha sequences between -101 and -71 bp [17].
  • 2-Ketoisocaproate and 2-ketocaproate (2-oxo-, hexanoate) provoked changes in B cell electrical behavior characterized by an initial depolarization of the membrane potential, followed by rapid spike activity, which appeared either in a bursting pattern or as continuous activity [18].
  • Infusion of hexanoate increased oxygen consumption, while stepwise changes in the perfusate Ca2+ concentration in the range 0.5-2.5 mM caused the mechanical work output and oxygen consumption to change in parallel [19].
 

Anatomical context of Capronic acid

  • Transacylation as a chain-termination mechanism in fatty acid synthesis by mammalian fatty acid synthetase. Synthesis of butyrate and hexanoate by lactating cow mammary gland fatty acid synthetase [20].
  • Brush border membrane from animals who had undergone common duct ligation 48 h prior to tissue collection showed little ability to hydrolyze retinyl caproate but retained 70% of retinyl palmitate hydrolytic activity, compared to sham-operated controls [21].
  • In contrast, ketone body production from hexanoate, which is activated in the mitochondria, was not affected by ethylhexanol [22].
  • 4. In murine N9 microglial cell line, instead, sodium butyrate and other SCFAs (propionate, valerate and caproate) enhanced the LPS-induced inflammatory response [23].
  • The effect of TFC-612, methyl-6-[(1R,2S,3R)-hydroxy-2-](1E,3S,5R)-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-1-nonenyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl)thio] hexanoate, on intimal thickening of carotid artery 14 days after endothelium denudation with a balloon catheter was examined in rats [24].
 

Associations of Capronic acid with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Capronic acid

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Capronic acid

References

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  2. New thermophilic and thermostable esterase with sequence similarity to the hormone-sensitive lipase family, cloned from a metagenomic library. Rhee, J.K., Ahn, D.G., Kim, Y.G., Oh, J.W. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Assignment of Clostridium bryantii to Syntrophospora bryantii gen. nov., comb. nov. on the basis of a 16S rRNA sequence analysis of its crotonate-grown pure culture. Zhao, H.X., Yang, D.C., Woese, C.R., Bryant, M.P. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1990) [Pubmed]
  4. The spirostenol (22R, 25R)-20alpha-spirost-5-en-3beta-yl hexanoate blocks mitochondrial uptake of Abeta in neuronal cells and prevents Abeta-induced impairment of mitochondrial function. Tillement, L., Lecanu, L., Yao, W., Greeson, J., Papadopoulos, V. Steroids (2006) [Pubmed]
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  19. Respiratory control in heart muscle during fatty acid oxidation. Energy state or substrate-level regulation by Ca2+? Vuorinen, K.H., Ala-Rämi, A., Yan, Y., Ingman, P., Hassinen, I.E. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. (1995) [Pubmed]
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  23. Regulation of microglial inflammatory response by sodium butyrate and short-chain fatty acids. Huuskonen, J., Suuronen, T., Nuutinen, T., Kyrylenko, S., Salminen, A. Br. J. Pharmacol. (2004) [Pubmed]
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