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EMB  -  embigin

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: Embigin, MGC71745
 
 
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Disease relevance of EMB

  • All available primary tumor histological slides from 93 CSI NSGCT patients were analyzed for vascular invasion (VI), lymphatic invasion (LI), tunical invasion (TI) and quantitative determination of percentage of the primary tumor composed of embryonal carcinoma (%EMB), yolk sac carcinoma (%YS), teratoma (%TER) and seminoma (%SEM) [1].
  • Selective EMB medium favored the growth of a larger portion of airborne gram-negative bacteria than LES Endo or MacConkey medium and was a good predictor of the endotoxin levels determined with a chromogenic Limulus assay of the air of wastewater treatment plants [2].
  • In conclusion, EMB produced results similar to cisplatin-containing regimens, with a mild to moderate toxicity and a good compliance; the possible non cross-resistance with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil deserves further evaluation [3].
  • 53 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck recurrent after initial treatment were entered into a phase II trial of the epirubicin, methotrexate and bleomycin (EMB) combination [3].
  • With more widespread application of EMB techniques, a significant percentage of ICCM patients have been found to have lymphocytic myocarditis on biopsy [4].
 

Psychiatry related information on EMB

  • In spite of limitations and dangers related to EMB, health care professionals generally agree that they should strive to incorporate evidence-based interventions into the multifaceted clinical decision-making process, including the individual patient values and circumstances [5].
  • Four cerebral-palsied children participated in the following ABAB design: speech and motor pre-electrophysiologic behavior modification (EMB) evaluation; frontal EMG EMB, six weeks; speech and motor post-EBM evaluation; six weeks no training; speech and motor reevaluation; EMG EBM, four weeks; speech and motor evaluation [6].
 

High impact information on EMB

  • RESULTS: IL-15 mRNA expression was present in the majority of posttransplantation EMB specimens (91%, 41/45) and in nontransplanted donor-heart specimens (91%, 10/11) [7].
  • Compliance to EMB and the possible non-cross-resistance to previous cisplatin-containing chemotherapy were secondary objectives [3].
  • 23 out of 53 (43% +/- 13) EMB patients showed an objective response, lasting a median of 12 (range 4-39) weeks; interestingly, 5 out of 14 (36% +/- 25) patients pretreated with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil responded to EMB [3].
  • We found no direct correlation between the cytokine mRNA expression levels in EMB 0 or EMB 1 and ischemic times, induction therapy, or cyclosporine whole-blood trough levels [8].
  • Thus, AZTp2EMB-loaded erythrocytes could be used as endogenous bioreactors for AZT and EMB delivery in the treatment of HIV and M. avium infection [9].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of EMB

 

Biological context of EMB

  • In rejection EMB specimens, during (n=5) and after (n=8) anti-CD25 therapy, no differences in relative IL-15 mRNA levels, or in IL-15- and CD68-positive cell counts, were measured [7].
  • From the macro EMB, the intramuscular delay from arrival of each action potential at the soleus muscle and the detection of the muscle-fiber action potential picked up by the recording needle electrode were measured [14].
  • The EMB were assessed for CMV infection using in situ hybridization (ISH) for the detection of CMV genome with a biotinylated CMV probe and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the detection of CMV immediate-early antigen with the monoclonal antibody E13 [15].
  • Their comparison revealed the following facts: The microbiologically most effective antituberculosis drugs--INH and RMP--are comparable even from the point of view of pharmacokinetics on account of similar pharmacokinetic parameters; in comparison with them EMB has half the size of the AUC, characterizing the efficacy of the drug [16].
 

Anatomical context of EMB

  • Grading of rejection showed 12 biopsies with "no evidence of rejection (grade 0)," nine biopsies with "mild acute rejection (grade 1B)," and one biopsy with "moderate acute rejection (grade 3A)." One EMB exhibited a single CMV inclusion in an endothelial cell detectable by light microscopy [15].
  • In case of HLA-DR mismatches, the majority of the EMB-derived cultures were dominated by CD4+ T cells while, in patients with HLA-A and -B mismatches but without DR mismatches, CD8+ T cells comprised the predominant T-cell subset [17].
  • EMB samples were taken from the left ventricle (95) or both ventricles (12) by use of a King's College bioptome, with a mean of 3.2 samples per patient [18].
  • Monoclonal antibody to macrophages (EMB/11) labels macrophages and microglial cells in human brain [19].
  • Two monoclonal antibodies that identify human cells of the MMS, EMB 11 and Mac 387, were negative for EMB 11 in ethanol-fixed and frozen sections, whereas Mac 387 showed a positive and specific cytoplasmic immunoreaction in alveolar macrophages and small MGC in ethanol- and formalin-fixed tissue [20].
 

Associations of EMB with chemical compounds

  • In right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies (EMB, n = 5421) evidence of microvascular disease [endothelial cell (EC) swelling/vessel wall thickening] was evaluated by light microscopy (hematoxylin and eosin staining, x 200) [21].
  • We conducted a study to compare the efficacy and safety of intermittent ethambutol (E, EMB) with two RMP-containing regimens to treat pulmonary TB in HIV-infected patients [22].
  • The study group and the two control arms were treated with 2 months of isoniazid (H), RMP, pyrazinamide (Z) and EMB followed by 6 E3H3 for the study group and 4HR or 6HR for controls [22].
  • EMB rating: B-3 [23].
  • RESULTS: This new equation, unlike all previous qualitative and quantitative approaches, can account mathematically for the simultaneous effects of TBW, Na(e), K(e), EMB, VMB, and the plasma glucose on the plasma water sodium concentration [24].
 

Other interactions of EMB

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of EMB

References

  1. Neural network analysis of quantitative histological factors to predict pathological stage in clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Moul, J.W., Snow, P.B., Fernandez, E.B., Maher, P.D., Sesterhenn, I.A. J. Urol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  2. Relationship between bacterial counts and endotoxin concentrations in the air of wastewater treatment plants. Laitinen, S., Nevalainen, A., Kotimaa, M., Liesivuori, J., Martikainen, P.J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (1992) [Pubmed]
  3. Epirubicin, methotrexate and bleomycin in the management of recurrent squamous cell head and neck cancer. A GSTTC randomised phase II study. Paccagnella, A., Pappagallo, G.L., Segati, R., Zorat, P., Cavaniglia, G., Lunghi, F., Migliorini, V., Frattina, A., Bianco, A., Sileni, V.C. Eur. J. Cancer (1993) [Pubmed]
  4. Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. Kereiakes, D.J., Parmley, W.W. Am. Heart J. (1984) [Pubmed]
  5. Evidence-based medicine in treatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injured. Biering-Sørensen, F. Spinal Cord (2005) [Pubmed]
  6. Electrophysiologic behavior modification of frontal EMG in cerebral-palsied children. Finley, W.W., Niman, C.A., Standley, J., Wansley, R.A. Biofeedback and self-regulation. (1977) [Pubmed]
  7. Anti-CD25 therapy reveals the redundancy of the intragraft cytokine network after clinical heart transplantation. Baan, C.C., Knoop, C.J., van Gelder, T., Holweg, C.T., Niesters, H.G., Smeets, T.J., van der Ham, F., Zondervan, P.E., Maat, L.P., Balk, A.H., Weimar, W. Transplantation (1999) [Pubmed]
  8. Failure to down-regulate intragraft cytokine mRNA expression shortly after clinical heart transplantation is associated with high incidence of acute rejection. de Groot-Kruseman, H.A., Baan, C.C., Loonen, E.H., Mol, W.M., Niesters, H.G., Maat, A.P., Balk, A.H., Weimar, W. J. Heart Lung Transplant. (2001) [Pubmed]
  9. Heterodimer-loaded erythrocytes as bioreactors for slow delivery of the antiviral drug azidothymidine and the antimycobacterial drug ethambutol. Rossi, L., Brandi, G., Schiavano, G.F., Scarfi, S., Millo, E., Damonte, G., Benatti, U., De Flora, A., Magnani, M. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (1999) [Pubmed]
  10. A resected case of Mycobacterium szulgai pulmonary disease. Tsuyuguchi, K., Amitani, R., Matsumoto, H., Tanaka, E., Suzuki, K., Yanagihara, K., Mizuno, H., Hitomi, S., Kuze, F. The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. (1998) [Pubmed]
  11. Glucosamine long-term treatment and the progression of knee osteoarthritis: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Poolsup, N., Suthisisang, C., Channark, P., Kittikulsuth, W. The Annals of pharmacotherapy. (2005) [Pubmed]
  12. Epirubicin, methotrexate and bleomycin (EMB) in the treatment of recurrent epidermoid cancer of the head and neck. Baroncelli, G., La Monica, M.M. Tumori. (1992) [Pubmed]
  13. Prevalence of myocarditis in idiopathic dysrhythmias: role of endomyocardial biopsy and efficacy of steroid therapy. Thongtang, V., Chiathiraphan, S., Ratanarapee, S., Panchavinnin, P., Srivanasont, N., Jootar, P., Sahasakul, Y., Charoenchob, N., Tresukosol, D. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet. (1993) [Pubmed]
  14. The relationship between estimates of Ia-EPSP amplitude and conduction velocity in human soleus motoneurons. Awiszus, F., Feistner, H. Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale. (1993) [Pubmed]
  15. Poor diagnostic value of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in endomyocardial biopsies to detect cytomegalovirus after heart transplantation. Bruneval, P., Amrein, C., Guillemain, R., Belair, M.F., Bariety, J. J. Heart Lung Transplant. (1992) [Pubmed]
  16. Pharmacokinetics of antituberculosis drugs after oral isolated and simultaneous administration in triple combination. Zítková, L., Janků, I., Tousek, J., Papezová, E., Stastná, J. Czechoslovak medicine. (1983) [Pubmed]
  17. Characteristics of graft-infiltrating lymphocytes after human heart transplantation. HLA mismatches and the cellular immune response within the transplanted heart. Ouwehand, A.J., Baan, C.C., Vaessen, L.M., Jutte, N.H., Balk, A.H., Bos, E., Claas, F.H., Weimar, W. Hum. Immunol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  18. The incidence of myocarditis in endomyocardial biopsy samples from patients with congestive heart failure. Vasiljevic, J.D., Kanjuh, V., Seferovic, P., Sesto, M., Stojsic, D., Olsen, E.G. Am. Heart J. (1990) [Pubmed]
  19. Monoclonal antibody to macrophages (EMB/11) labels macrophages and microglial cells in human brain. Esiri, M.M., McGee, J.O. J. Clin. Pathol. (1986) [Pubmed]
  20. An immunohistochemical study on the cytogenetic origin of pulmonary multinucleate giant cells in porcine dermatosis vegetans. Evensen, O. Vet. Pathol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  21. Small vessel disease after heart transplantation: impact of immunologic and nonimmunologic risk factors. Hiemann, N.E., Wellnhofer, E., Hetzer, R., Meyer, R. Transpl. Int. (2005) [Pubmed]
  22. Comparison of intermittent ethambutol with rifampicin-based regimens in HIV-infected adults with PTB, Kampala. Okwera, A., Johnson, J.L., Luzze, H., Nsubuga, P., Kayanja, H., Cohn, D.L., Nunn, P., Ellner, J.J., Whalen, C.C., Mugerwa, R.D. The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. (2006) [Pubmed]
  23. A systematic review of the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism from 1995 to 2003. Ruda, J.M., Hollenbeak, C.S., Stack, B.C. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. (2005) [Pubmed]
  24. A simple quantitative approach to analyzing the generation of the dysnatremias. Kurtz, I., Nguyen, M.K. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  25. Dilated cardiomyopathy: emerging role of endomyocardial biopsy. O'Connell, J.B., Costanzo-Nordin, M.R., Subramanian, R., Robinson, J.A. Current problems in cardiology. (1986) [Pubmed]
  26. Experience with a modified Witzel gastrostomy without gastropexy. Johnston, W.D., Lopez, M.J., Kraybill, W.G., Bricker, E.M. Ann. Surg. (1982) [Pubmed]
  27. Acute occlusion of the abdominal aorta. Surowiec, S.M., Isiklar, H., Sreeram, S., Weiss, V.J., Lumsden, A.B. Am. J. Surg. (1998) [Pubmed]
  28. Phenotype of endomyocardial biopsy-derived T-lymphocyte cultures and chronic rejection after heart transplantation. Groeneveld, K., Balk, A.H., Ouwehand, A.J., Loonen, E.H., v d Linden, M., Strikwerda, S., Mochtar, B., Jutte, N.H., Weimar, W. Transpl. Int. (1992) [Pubmed]
  29. Preoperative embolization of carotid body tumors: when is it appropriate? Litle, V.R., Reilly, L.M., Ramos, T.K. Annals of vascular surgery. (1996) [Pubmed]
 
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