Disease relevance of Colon, Descending

• METHODS: The effects of ondansetron and placebo on fasting and postprandial colonic tone and motility in 10 patients with carcinoid diarrhea were compared using a manometry-barostat assembly positioned in the upper descending colon [1].
• METHODS: Acute colitis was induced in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits by infusion of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in the descending colon [2].
• In this report, we document, for the first time, leiomyomatosis-like lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) of the ascending, transverse, and descending colon in association with bilateral renal angiomyolipoma (AML) in a 30-year-old Chinese female with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) [3].
• Technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin scan confirmed the patient to have protein-losing enteropathy, which originated from the transverse and descending colon [4].
• BIBP3226 (N2-(diphenylacetyl)-N-[4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-D-arginine amide) has been used to examine the presence of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors in 3 gastrointestinal epithelial preparations, namely the rat jejunum and descending colon mucosae and a human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line [5].

High impact information on Colon, Descending

• Colon explants from the inbred F344 rat descending colon pretreated in vivo with azoxymethane and maintained in explant culture were exposed to the carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) [6].
• We have previously shown that Entamoeba histolytica lysates contain the neurohormones serotonin, neurotensin, immunoreactive substance P, and probably acetylcholine, and that amebic lysates inhibit sodium and chloride absorption and stimulate chloride secretion in the rat descending colon as measured by the Ussing chamber-voltage clamp technique [7].
• Biweekly colonoscopic biopsies of the descending colon were performed for 29 wk in control and dimethylhydrazine-treated rats [8].
• We also observed unexpected differences in p53 target gene activation between the transverse and descending colon [9].
• Edematous swelling of the enteric glial cells was observed in the myenteric plexus of the descending colon on PI Day 5 [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Colon, Descending

• These results support the use of intrarectally administered 5-aminosalicylic acid for segmental colitis of the descending colon [11].
• In cats with idiopathic megacolon, cisapride stimulated contractions of longitudinal smooth muscle from both the ascending and the descending colon [12].
• A close resemblance in fine structure was observed between the aganglionic colon, produced in rats by serosal application of 0.1% benzalkonium chloride solution, and the aganglionic descending colon, or more proximal segments, of Hirschsprung's disease [13].
• However, descending colon carcinomas were observed in 65 % of rats exposed to DMH plus melatonin against 100% in those exposed to DMH alone (p < 0.01) [14].

Biological context of Colon, Descending

• Glucose oxidation accounted for 85% of the oxygen consumption in the ascending colon and 30% in the descending colon [15].
• The effects of capsaicin upon electrogenic ion transport in rat descending colon [16].
• Cell proliferation in the descending colon of dimethylhydrazine treated rats and in dimethylhydrazine induced adenocarcinomata [17].

Anatomical context of Colon, Descending

• In the presence of 10 mM n-butyrate these proportions decreased to 41% in the ascending colon and 16% in the descending colon [15].
• The effects of one of the main components of fish oil, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on prostaglandin (PG) and Ca2+ signaling pathways were examined in intact mucosa and freshly isolated crypt cells of rabbit descending colon [18].
• Apical membrane potassium and chloride permeabilities in surface cells of rabbit descending colon epithelium [19].
• RNA blotting using RNA prepared from various regions of the human gastrointestinal tract revealed high levels of motilin mRNA in duodenum and lower levels in the antrum of the stomach; motilin mRNA could not be detected by this procedure in the esophagus, cardia of the stomach, descending colon or gallbladder [20].
• Cisapride accelerated transit through the transverse colon, but not the descending colon [21].

Associations of Colon, Descending with chemical compounds

• Animals received the first of five weekly injections of azoxymethane (total dose 50 mg/kg) either immediately after transection of the descending colon or at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks later; controls received handling of the bowel alone [22].
• Consequently ratios of butyrate/glutamine metabolism were higher in the descending colon (20.6 (14.3)) than in the ascending colon (14.3 (9.6)) (p < 0.05) [23].
• The mucosal addition of 0.1 mM amiloride to descending colon totally abolished the transepithelial voltage (Vt) and short-circuit current (Isc), and significantly increased the total tissue resistance (Rt) by 19% (p less than 0.005) [24].
• In each volunteer, the solution was released into five different regions of the gastrointestinal tract: the stomach (B), jejunum (C1), ileum (C2), ascending colon (D1), and descending colon (D2) [25].
• The extracellular concentration of calcium and sodium and the contraction of rat descending colon in response to angiotensin [proceedings] [26].

Gene context of Colon, Descending

• CONCLUSION: IBS patients demonstrate lower levels of PYY in the descending colon than controls [27].
• In the EDNRB locus, two mutations were observed; a nonsense mutation of Trp to stop at codon 275, and a T insertion at nucleotide 878, in patients with aganglionosis confined to the rectosigmoid colon, and the descending colon, respectively [28].
• In contrast, protein concentration of CYP2E1 was significantly lower by ~81% in the sigmoid colon in comparison to the descending colon [29].
• RESULTS: Human HJV mRNA expression was detected in the liver, heart, esophagus, pancreas, descending colon, ileocecum and skeletal muscle [30].
• RESULTS: The median concentrations of bFGF in perfusates from the descending colon and rectum were increased 4-fold in CC patients compared with control patients [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Colon, Descending

• According to RT - PCR analysis, both thalidomide and supidimide also significantly reduced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mRNA expression in the affected part of the descending colon [32].
• Active and passive properties of rabbit descending colon: a microelectrode and nystatin study [33].
• Colonic myoelectrical activity was studied in 25 patients, 18 of whom received morphine sulfate, using bipolar electrodes placed in the ascending and descending colon during laparotomy [34].
• In the colonic J-pouch patients, technetium TC 99m tin-colloid liquid was retained significantly longer in the descending colon at 24 hours (P <.05) [35].
• Cyclic adenosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cyclic-AMP) has been estimated in mucosal biopsy samples removed from the descending colon and rectum at endoscopy to investigate the possibility of using this substance for monitoring pre-malignant changes in the large bowel [36].

References