Disease relevance of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• After metronidazole therapy, symptoms and signs of nonspecific vaginitis cleared, butyrate and propionate disappeared, and lactate and lactate-producing organisms became predominant [1].
• Search terms used were biotherapeutic agent, probiotic, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Bifidobacterium, Candida, gastrointestinal- system, vaginitis, vaginosis-bacterial, and related terms [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: The association of non-ulcerative STD and bacterial vaginosis with increased frequency of IL-10 detection in endocervical secretions suggests a potential mechanism through which these infections may alter susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in women [3].
• Sera are tested for HIV-1, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas and bacterial vaginosis [4].
• Two novel vaginal microbicides (polystyrene sulfonate and cellulose sulfate) inhibit Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Vaginosis, Bacterial

• STUDY DESIGN: Vaginal fetal fibronectin was quantitatively determined in a prospective cohort study of 13,360 women being evaluated for participation in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit treatment trials for bacterial vaginosis and Trichomonas vaginalis [6].

High impact information on Vaginosis, Bacterial

• METHODS: To determine whether treating women in a general obstetrical population who have asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (as diagnosed on the basis of vaginal Gram's staining and pH) prevents preterm delivery, we randomly assigned 1953 women who were 16 to less than 24 weeks pregnant to receive two 2-g doses of metronidazole or placebo [7].
• Of the 358 women who did not have bacterial vaginosis when initially examined, 22 percent of those assigned to metronidazole and erythromycin and 25 percent of those assigned to placebo delivered prematurely (P = 0.55) [8].
• We conclude that certain anaerobes act with G. vaginalis as causes of nonspecific vaginitis, and that a high ratio of succinate to lactate in vaginal fluid is a useful indicator in the diagnosis of this condition [1].
• Effect of early oral clindamycin on late miscarriage and preterm delivery in asymptomatic women with abnormal vaginal flora and bacterial vaginosis: a randomised controlled trial [9].
• Induction of tumor necrosis factor- alpha secretion and toll-like receptor 2 and 4 mRNA expression by genital mucosal fluids from women with bacterial vaginosis [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis [8].
• Secnidazole. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in the management of protozoal infections and bacterial vaginosis [11].
• Trimethylamine N-oxidation in Turkish women with bacterial vaginosis [12].
• Clindamycin and imipenem may be useful agents in the therapy of metronidazole-resistant bacterial vaginosis [13].
• The cephalosporins have no clear role in the treatment of syphilis, granuloma inguinale, Mycoplasma or chlamydial infections or bacterial vaginosis, but ceftriaxone may be effective in chancroid, and cefoxitin in combination with an antichlamydial agent (such as a tetracycline) might be used for the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease [14].

Biological context of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• Clindamycin vaginal cream is being used increasingly in Genitourinary Medicine clinics and General Practice for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis [15].
• STUDY DESIGN: Women with asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis on Gram stain were assigned randomly at 16 to 23 weeks of gestation to receive two 2-g doses of metronidazole or placebo 48 hours apart and were re-evaluated for changes in Gram stain score on one occasion > or =2 weeks later [16].
• CONCLUSION: These data suggest that patients with bacterial vaginosis should be treated in conjunction with first-trimester abortion because treatment with metronidazole reduces the postoperative infection rate more than three times [17].
• Multiple logistic regression was also used to test the interaction between bacterial vaginosis, the TNF genotype, and preterm birth [18].
• The bacterial epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and the efficacy of vaginal or oral treatment of BV with clindamycin (CLDM) were investigated [19].

Anatomical context of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• Interrelationships of interleukin-8 with interleukin-1beta and neutrophils in vaginal fluid of healthy and bacterial vaginosis positive women [20].
• Urinary tract infections were usually treated with co-trimoxazole or other drugs containing sulfonamides; upper respiratory tract infections with amoxicillin, ampicillin, or penicillin; impetigo with penicillin; nonspecific vaginitis with vaginal creams; and bronchitis with ampicillin or erythromycin [21].
• At 20 and 24 weeks of gestation, screening for bacterial vaginosis and fetal fibronectin was performed, followed by digital and sonographic assessment of the cervix [22].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vaginal interleukin-6, interleukin-8, neutrophils, bacterial vaginosis, and selected vaginal bacteria are predictors of amniotic fluid (AF) infection among women in preterm labor [23].
• We postulate that an enzyme produced in bacterial vaginosis, proline aminopeptidase, may cause destruction of the chlamydial cell wall, therefore affecting the EIA adversely [24].

Gene context of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• The levels of IL-1alpha and IL-8 were significantly higher in samples positive for bacterial vaginosis than in negative samples (p<0.0001 and p<0.01, respectively) [25].
• IL-1alpha and IL-8, but not IL-6, were associated with bacterial vaginosis [25].
• IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, fetal fibronectin, and endotoxin in the lower genital tract of pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis [26].
• Genital warts (8.0%) and bacterial vaginosis (23.0%) were found more often in the SFM group as compared to both the COMP (3.0% and 12.0%) and the SSM (4.0% and 13.0%) group [27].
• Differences in inflammatory cytokine and Toll-like receptor genes and bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Vaginosis, Bacterial

• Comparison of different metronidazole therapeutic regimens for bacterial vaginosis. A meta-analysis [29].
• After treatment of the male partner with metronidazole, the woman had no more relapses of bacterial vaginosis [30].
• STUDY DESIGN: Assessment of clinical trials on the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with regimens other than 5 to 7 days of metronidazole [31].
• METHODS: A cohort of women enrolled in a large multicenter randomized bacterial vaginosis antibiotic trial (metronidazole versus placebo) that, when randomly allocated, had asymptomatic C trachomatis diagnosed by urine ligase chain reaction (from frozen archival specimens) between 16(0/7) and 23(6/7) weeks were included [32].
• Proline aminopeptidase activity as a rapid diagnostic test to confirm bacterial vaginosis [33].

References