Disease relevance of Serum

• Although body weight, serum growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I levels were remarkably elevated during the 4-9 week period, serum blood glucose levels were within normal range [1].
• These vectors have been used to transfer genes such as CFTR to correct the defect in cystic fibrosis and, more recently, to supply serum blood factors and genetically modify tumors to enhance therapy [2].
• The presence and severity of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy were assessed in all subjects at 4-month intervals, as were serum blood glucose, glycohemoglobin levels, and presence of albuminuria [3].
• The data relating diet to coronary heart disease, when critically examined, clearly show that there is a normal spectrum of blood serum values, and that normal persons do not develop pathological levels upon the ingestion of eggs and other cholesterol-containing the ingestion of large amounts of cholesterol-containing foods [4].
• The EEG monitoring of spiking activity showed a correlation with accumulation of GluR1 autoantibodies in blood serum of rats with cobalt-induced epilepsy [5].

Psychiatry related information on Serum

• Psychometric, adaptive ability, motor proficiency, and sensory discrimination measures were administered to adult seizure patients within 36 hours of blood serum determinations of diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, and primidone [6].
• Expression of a functional wzy gene in E. coli strain Nissle 1917 increased its ability to withstand antibacterial defense mechanisms of blood serum [7].
• The objective of this study is to determine the effects of subchronic exposure to Mn sulfate in different tissues, on locomotor activity, on neuropathology, and on blood serum biochemical parameters [8].
• Six samples of matched cerebrospinal (CSF) and blood serum from patients with no, mild, and moderate dementia were prepped for biomarker screening by the Ciphergen system [9].
• Poor prognosis is associated with elderly patients with lethargy and with elevation of the serum blood urea nitrogen level [10].

High impact information on Serum

• PDGF is a connective tissue mitogen that has been associated with clotted blood serum for at least 300 million years [11].
• Acetylcholine concentrations in whole rat brain or in various brain regions and free choline concentrations in blood serum and brain vary with dietary choline consumption [12].
• In patients with vomiting, diarrhea, or decreased oral intake, few findings have proven utility, and clinicians should measure serum electrolytes, serum blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels when diagnostic certainty is required [13].
• Normal marrow plasma and peripheral blood serum had no or very low levels of IL-6 [14].
• We measured the blood serum levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, which were substituted with chlorine at the 2,3,7,8 position, in the nine pesticide applicators and in a matched group of nine control subjects [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Serum

• Autoimmunity in fsn/fsn mice was evidenced by glomerulonephritis accompanied by immune complex deposition in the kidneys, increased serum blood urea nitrogen levels, and the presence of circulating anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies [16].
• To confirm this hypothesis, cGMP and nitrite level in the blood serum were measured in patients with migraine [17].
• Schistosomiasis did not influence the weight of the adrenals, or the cortisol level of the blood serum as determined by radioimmunoassay [18].
• Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of hypothyroidism on the hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine in hippocampal and cortical synaptosomes and blood serum of rats during different phases of development [19].
• The major 20-kDa polysaccharide of Staphylococcus epidermidis extracellular slime and its antibodies as powerful agents for detecting antibodies in blood serum and differentiating among slime-positive and -negative S. epidermidis and other staphylococci species [20].

Biological context of Serum

• Although its physiological function is not clearly understood, LPA is a potent regulator of mammalian cell proliferation; it is one of the major mitogens found in blood serum [21].
• Sphingosine 1-phosphate released from platelets during clotting accounts for the potent endothelial cell chemotactic activity of blood serum and provides a novel link between hemostasis and angiogenesis [22].
• Luteal regression was induced during midpseudopregnancy by injection of 500 micrograms prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) 1 h before administration of AT (0.1 g/kg, ip) and was confirmed by progesterone analysis of peripheral blood serum [23].
• The bromide and iodide contents of rainwater, drinking water, river water, seawater, oil brine, common salt, cow milk, and human blood serum were determined [24].
• Detection of haptoglobin phenotypes in human blood serum was easily achieved even without the addition of hemoglobin [25].

Anatomical context of Serum

• Human bone marrow cells cultured with platelet-poor plasma-derived serum (PDS) form fewer erythroid colonies than do cells cultured with human whole blood serum or fetal calf serum (P less than 0.05) [26].
• 7 of 8 bone marrow plasma samples taken from involved bones and 18 of 27 peripheral blood serum samples from Paget's patients had high levels of IL-6 [14].
• Moreover, TGF beta 1 induces alpha-SM actin protein and mRNA expression in growing and quiescent cultured fibroblasts and preincubation of culture medium containing whole blood serum with neutralizing antibodies to TGF beta 1 results in a decrease of alpha-SM actin expression by fibroblasts in replicative and non-replicative conditions [27].
• Umbilical cord blood serum showed even lower values (0.016 ppm, p less than 0.001)--findings in harmony with the incidence pattern of Keshan cardiomyopathy [28].
• In addition, morning serum blood cortisol, blood eosinophil, and serum ECP levels were measured as systemic parameters [29].

Associations of Serum with chemical compounds

• Degradation was inhibited to the same extent as binding by increasing concentrations of heparin, fucoidan, platelet factor 4, or whole blood serum [30].
• 1-oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid, 20-200 nM, was as active as 0.1-0.2% whole blood serum [31].
• Group II showed a better perioperative renal function as determined by serum blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels [32].
• Potentially predictive and manipulable blood serum correlates of aging in the healthy human male: progressive decreases in bioavailable testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and the ratio of insulin-like growth factor 1 to growth hormone [33].
• LDL and other lipoproteins isolated from the blood serum of healthy subjects failed to raise the cholesterol content in cultured cells; that is, they were nonatherogenic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[34]

Gene context of Serum

• TFPI secreted into the media containing whole blood serum was consistently higher (approximately 1.5-fold at 8 hours) than that secreted into the media supplemented with serum obtained from plasma lacking the formed elements; these cells also expressed similarly increased levels of TFPI mRNA [35].
• FGF-2 or phorbol ester treatment can also increase FR-1 mRNA levels; in contrast, whole blood serum or individual growth factors present in serum have only minimal effects on FR-1 mRNA expression [36].
• To further investigate the hormone-like characteristics of PLF, we have determined the site of PLF synthesis and storage in the placenta and its concentration in blood serum during pregnancy [37].
• Markedly elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected in iliac BMS, and much lower levels were found in tibial bone marrow and peripheral blood serum [38].
• A significant increase in IL-15 serum blood levels was also observed in acute VL patients compared with healed ones [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Serum

• We have used a sensitive radioreceptor assay to measure PDGF levels in whole blood serum from normal humans [17.5 +/- 3.1 (SD) ng/mL] and baboons (2.7 +/- 1.2 ng/mL) [40].
• Median blood-serum and 24-hour urine collections for heavy metals (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, and zinc) were statistically similar in the patient and control groups except for a slight elevation of blood, but not urine, lead in the patient group [41].
• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--We compared the serum blood lipids and Lp(a) levels in NIDDM patients (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched nondiabetic subjects (n = 100) who participated in a case-control study [42].
• METHODS: Levels of von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in venous blood serum [43].
• Three methodologies are presented to contemplate the analysis of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, lactate, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood serum samples of diabetic patients using free solution capillary electrophoresis with indirect detection (214 nm for cations and 254 nm for anions) [44].

References