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Gene Review

Brp1  -  brain protein 1

Mus musculus

Synonyms: A1, Brp-1
 
 
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Disease relevance of Brp1

  • In brain-derived cells, HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 initiates a signaling cascade that involves p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and leads to neuronal cell death [1].
  • They are present in gliomas and may be responsible for the lethality of these incurable brain tumors [2].
  • The lack of MyD88-dependent signals had a dramatic effect on the extent of tissue injury, with significantly larger brain abscesses typified by exaggerated edema and necrosis in MyD88 KO animals [3].
  • NK and CD4 Cells Collaborate to Protect against Melanoma Tumor Formation in the Brain [4].
  • Brain abscesses form in response to a parenchymal infection by pyogenic bacteria, with Staphylococcus aureus representing a common etiologic agent of human disease [3].
 

Psychiatry related information on Brp1

  • Our theory leads to predictions for sleep time, sleep cycle time, and rapid eye movement time as functions of body and brain mass, and it explains, for example, why mice sleep approximately 14 hours per day relative to the 3.5 hours per day that elephants sleep [5].
  • Additionally, the haplotype A was associated with increased volume of brain white matter that in turn correlated with performance in the vocabulary test [6].
  • Thus, partial reduction (maintaining a level above 50% of normal) of brain nicastrin would likely not be efficacious in reducing functional PS-complexes and gamma-secretase activity as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease [7].
  • In conclusion, oxidative damage in nucleic acids is likely to be a major risk factor for Parkinson's disease, indicating that a solid understanding of the defense mechanisms involved will enable us to develop new strategies for protecting the brain against oxidative stress [8].
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has important functions in the development of the nervous system and in brain plasticity-related processes such as memory, learning, and drug addiction [9].
 

High impact information on Brp1

  • Ageing brains and ebbing synapses. The Aging Brain and Cognitive Decline. British Neuroscience Association One Day Symposium. Newcastle, United Kingdom, 16 September 1998 [10].
  • Here we demonstrated that multiple isoforms of SH2B1 (alpha, beta, gamma, and/or delta) were expressed in numerous tissues, including the brain, hypothalamus, liver, muscle, adipose tissue, heart, and pancreas [11].
  • After beta-actin, the cytosolic brain isoform of creatine kinase was the next most abundant bundle protein; at approximately 0.5 mM, creatine kinase is capable of maintaining high ATP levels despite 1 mM/s ATP consumption by the plasma-membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase [12].
  • Previous studies (Blank, W. F., M. B. Bunge, and R. P. Bunge. 1974. Brain Res. 67:503-518) showed that Schwann cell paranodal membranes were disrupted in calcium free medium suggesting that cadherin mediated mechanisms may operate to maintain the integrity of the paranodal membrane complex [13].
  • This is evidence that prefrontal cortical norepinephrine transmission is necessary for motivational salience attribution to both reward- and aversion-related stimuli through modulation of dopamine in nucleus accumbens, a brain area involved in all motivated behaviors [14].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Brp1

 

Biological context of Brp1

 

Anatomical context of Brp1

  • Variant polypeptide A1 (81 kdalton, pI 5.6) was shown to be associated with the membrane of synaptosomal mitochondria and to exhibit a basic variant in SS mice that is determined by a dominant allele [24].
  • We provide evidence that the same apo A-1 gene is expressed in both liver and small intestine [25].
  • Recent evidence suggests that rewarding and aversive stimuli affect the same brain areas, including medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens [14].
  • However, the KO mice displayed an altered expression in a large number of nuclear-encoded genes governing mitochondrial and metabolic functions in multiple tissues including heart, skeletal muscle, brain, brown adipose tissue, and liver [26].
  • We have characterized two alleles of cup, both of which display defects in organ positioning that resemble human heterotaxia, as well as abnormalities in asymmetric gene expression in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and dorsal diencephalon of the brain [27].
 

Associations of Brp1 with chemical compounds

  • Glutathione elevation by gamma-glutamyl cysteine ethyl ester as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing oxidative stress in brain mediated by in vivo administration of adriamycin: Implication for chemobrain [21].
  • This cDNA encodes a basic A1 isoform that is distinct from the recently described syntrophins in Torpedo and mouse and is expressed in many tissues with at least five distinct mRNA species of 5.9, 4.8, 4.3, 3.1, and 1.5 kb [28].
  • Ca2+/Calmodulin Kinase Kinase {alpha} Is Dispensable for Brain Development but Is Required for Distinct Memories in Male, though Not in Female, Mice [29].
  • The antioxidant edaravone decreased oxidative stress in damaged brains, more pronounced in the Hq mice, and further reduced brain injury in Hq but not in Wt mice [30].
  • We showed that the PrP in C4/- mice does not functionally rescue the Prnp(-/-) phenotype; furthermore it is unable to undergo beta cleavage, although an increased amount of C1 fragments was found in ischemic brain areas compared with sham controls [31].
 

Physical interactions of Brp1

  • The single copy mouse Testis Brain RNA-Binding Protein (TB-RBP) gene encodes three mRNAs of 3.0, 1.7, and 1.0 kb which only differ in their 3' UTRs [32].
 

Other interactions of Brp1

  • Co-administration of M. oleifera seed powder (250 and 500mg/kg, orally) with arsenic significantly increased the activities of SOD, catalase, GPx with elevation in reduced GSH level in tissues (liver, kidney and brain) [33].
  • Before and after differentiation, these cells also incorporate vimentin into both the perikaryal and neuritic cytoskeleton (Shea et al., 1988, Dev. Brain Res., submitted) [34].
  • 14-3-3 proteins are general regulators of cell signaling and represent up to 1% of the total brain protein [35].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Brp1

  • Brp1 knockout parasites did not appear to have any developmental or growth defects in vitro, and were able to establish infections in mice both as tachyzoites (via intraperitoneal injection of in vitro-derived tachyzoites) or bradyzoites (via oral gavage using cysts harvested from mouse brain) [36].
  • These results are discussed with regard to potential pharmacological prevention of brain cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving ADR chemotherapy [21].
  • RNase T1 protection/immunoprecipitation assays indicate that hnRNP A1 binds to CE1a, which contains the sequence UAGAGU, a close match to the reported optimal A1 binding site, UAGGGU [37].
  • Optical imaging techniques offer powerful solutions to capture brain networks processing in animals, especially when activity is distributed in functionally distinct spatial domains [38].
  • Here, we describe a general method for the relatively rapid screening of specific promoter activity in cell culture, in acute brain slice preparations and in vivo [39].

References

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  2. HEDGEHOG-GLI1 Signaling Regulates Human Glioma Growth, Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal, and Tumorigenicity. Clement, V., Sanchez, P., de Tribolet, N., Radovanovic, I., Ruiz I Altaba, A. Curr. Biol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  3. MyD88-Dependent Signals Are Essential for the Host Immune Response in Experimental Brain Abscess. Kielian, T., Phulwani, N.K., Esen, N., Syed, M.M., Haney, A.C., McCastlain, K., Johnson, J. J. Immunol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  4. NK and CD4 Cells Collaborate to Protect against Melanoma Tumor Formation in the Brain. Prins, R.M., Vo, D.D., Khan-Farooqi, H., Yang, M.Y., Soto, H., Economou, J.S., Liau, L.M., Ribas, A. J. Immunol. (2006) [Pubmed]
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  9. Mouse and rat BDNF gene structure and expression revisited. Aid, T., Kazantseva, A., Piirsoo, M., Palm, K., Timmusk, T. J. Neurosci. Res. (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. Ageing brains and ebbing synapses. The Aging Brain and Cognitive Decline. British Neuroscience Association One Day Symposium. Newcastle, United Kingdom, 16 September 1998. Allsopp, T.E. Trends Neurosci. (1998) [Pubmed]
  11. Neuronal SH2B1 is essential for controlling energy and glucose homeostasis. Ren, D., Zhou, Y., Morris, D., Li, M., Li, Z., Rui, L. J. Clin. Invest. (2007) [Pubmed]
  12. Hair Bundles Are Specialized for ATP Delivery via Creatine Kinase. Shin, J.B., Streijger, F., Beynon, A., Peters, T., Gadzala, L., McMillen, D., Bystrom, C., Van der Zee, C.E., Wallimann, T., Gillespie, P.G. Neuron (2007) [Pubmed]
  13. Novel E-cadherin-mediated adhesion in peripheral nerve: Schwann cell architecture is stabilized by autotypic adherens junctions. Fannon, A.M., Sherman, D.L., Ilyina-Gragerova, G., Brophy, P.J., Friedrich, V.L., Colman, D.R. J. Cell Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  14. Prefrontal/accumbal catecholamine system determines motivational salience attribution to both reward- and aversion-related stimuli. Ventura, R., Morrone, C., Puglisi-Allegra, S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007) [Pubmed]
  15. Gender and estrogen manipulation do not affect traumatic brain injury in mice. Bruce-Keller, A.J., Dimayuga, F.O., Reed, J.L., Wang, C., Angers, R., Wilson, M.E., Dimayuga, V.M., Scheff, S.W. J. Neurotrauma (2007) [Pubmed]
  16. Adenosine inhibits activity of hypocretin/orexin neurons by the A1 receptor in the lateral hypothalamus: a possible sleep-promoting effect. Liu, Z.W., Gao, X.B. J. Neurophysiol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  17. PCR-Based Diagnosis of Naegleria sp. Infection in Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Brain Sections. Schild, M., Gianinazzi, C., Gottstein, B., Müller, N. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2007) [Pubmed]
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  22. Controlled expression of transgenes introduced by in vivo electroporation. Matsuda, T., Cepko, C.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007) [Pubmed]
  23. Increased apoptosis, p53 up-regulation, and cerebellar neuronal degeneration in repair-deficient Cockayne syndrome mice. Laposa, R.R., Huang, E.J., Cleaver, J.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007) [Pubmed]
  24. Genetic brain polypeptide variants in inbred mice and in mouse strains with high and low sensitivity to alcohol. Goldman, D., Nelson, R., Deitrich, R.A., Baker, R.C., Spuhler, K., Markley, H., Ebert, M., Merril, C.R. Brain Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  25. Identification of a cDNA clone for mouse apoprotein A-1 (apo A-1) and its use in characterization of apo A-1 mRNA expression in liver and small intestine. Miller, J.C., Barth, R.K., Shaw, P.H., Elliott, R.W., Hastie, N.D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1983) [Pubmed]
  26. PGC-1beta controls mitochondrial metabolism to modulate circadian activity, adaptive thermogenesis, and hepatic steatosis. Sonoda, J., Mehl, I.R., Chong, L.W., Nofsinger, R.R., Evans, R.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007) [Pubmed]
  27. Zebrafish curly up encodes a Pkd2 ortholog that restricts left-side-specific expression of southpaw. Schottenfeld, J., Sullivan-Brown, J., Burdine, R.D. Development (2007) [Pubmed]
  28. Cloning of human basic A1, a distinct 59-kDa dystrophin-associated protein encoded on chromosome 8q23-24. Ahn, A.H., Yoshida, M., Anderson, M.S., Feener, C.A., Selig, S., Hagiwara, Y., Ozawa, E., Kunkel, L.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1994) [Pubmed]
  29. Ca2+/Calmodulin Kinase Kinase {alpha} Is Dispensable for Brain Development but Is Required for Distinct Memories in Male, though Not in Female, Mice. Mizuno, K., Ris, L., S??nchez-Capelo, A., Godaux, E., Giese, K.P. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  30. Apoptosis-inducing factor is a major contributor to neuronal loss induced by neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Zhu, C., Wang, X., Huang, Z., Qiu, L., Xu, F., Vahsen, N., Nilsson, M., Eriksson, P.S., Hagberg, H., Culmsee, C., Plesnila, N., Kroemer, G., Blomgren, K. Cell Death Differ. (2007) [Pubmed]
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  32. Elevated levels of the polyadenylation factor CstF 64 enhance formation of the 1kB Testis brain RNA-binding protein (TB-RBP) mRNA in male germ cells. Chennathukuzhi, V.M., Lefrancois, S., Morales, C.R., Syed, V., Hecht, N.B. Mol. Reprod. Dev. (2001) [Pubmed]
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  37. An intron element modulating 5' splice site selection in the hnRNP A1 pre-mRNA interacts with hnRNP A1. Chabot, B., Blanchette, M., Lapierre, I., La Branche, H. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1997) [Pubmed]
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  39. Identification of cell-type-specific promoters within the brain using lentiviral vectors. Chhatwal, J.P., Hammack, S.E., Jasnow, A.M., Rainnie, D.G., Ressler, K.J. Gene Ther. (2007) [Pubmed]
 
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