Disease relevance of SDS

• No correlation existed between the circulating Igf1 levels and the body height SDS, the body weight index and the calorie or protein intake of the patients [1].
• Data on growth were tested for associations to the gestational age, birth weight (bw) SDS (/-2 SDS), neonatal morbidity and therapeutic strategies [2].
• Expression of HIF-1{alpha}, HIF-2{alpha} (EPAS1), and Their Target Genes in Paraganglioma and Pheochromocytoma with VHL and SDH Mutations [3].
• Precipitated antigens analyzed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis contained three distinct polypeptides of about 70,000, 45,000 and 30,000 mol wt; these comigrated with the gp 70, pg 45, and p 30 of a murine leukemia virus [4].
• In snail nervous tissue, pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylates a single protein band on SDS gels, and this band is recognized in immunoblots by the anti-alpha o antibody [5].

Psychiatry related information on SDS

• Likewise, SDS-stable aggregates and low-n oligomers of the Abeta peptide (Selkoe et al., 1982; Walsh et al., 2002) cause toxic effects associated with Alzheimer's disease (Selkoe, 2004) [6].
• These changes were not associated to alpha-synuclein aggregation in cortex, contrasting with aggregates found in SDS-soluble fractions of frontal cortex in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) cases [7].
• Sleepiness was measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) while the presence of sleep disorders was evaluated by a score (SDS) drawn from indicators of insomnia, breathing disorders, periodic limb movements and restless legs syndrome, and hypersomnia [8].
• Patients who had depression in psychological test (SDS) were omitted [9].
• The data regarding depression (MHQ and SDS), anxiety (MHQ and SAS), neuroticism, somatization (MHQ) and the prevailing of hysterical personality traits in women (MHQ) resulted particularly relevant from a statistical viewpoint (p less than 0.01) [10].

High impact information on SDS

• Tris-Tricine SDS gels revealed six distinct iodinated processing products that could be detected on class II MHC 1 hr after antigen endocytosis and persisted for at least 20 hr [11].
• The antigen can be extracted from cells with isotonic buffers containing EGTA, binds to Concanavalin A, and when analyzed on SDS gels by immunoblotting, two major antigenic glycoproteins are detected at 57 kd (isoelectric point, 5.1) and at 44 kd (isoelectric point, 5.4) [12].
• This complex cannot be disrupted by boiling in SDS buffer containing 2-mercaptoethanol [13].
• RNA extracted by an SDS-hot phenol procedure was fractionated with sucrose density gradient centrifugation followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis [14].
• Treatment of chromatin or nuclei with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde results in the appearance of crosslinked histones as analyzed on SDS gels [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of SDS

• We attempted to restore scrapie infectivity after exposure to protein denaturants including urea, chaotropic salts, and SDS [16].
• The V alpha and Vbeta chains of TCR(HWBP-3) were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni-chelate chromatography and SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate) gel electrophoresis [17].
• Pemphigoid antigen was found to be a basic glycoprotein that on SDS gel electrophoresis showed two major bands, one in the 18,000 m. w. region and the second with a m. w. of 74,000 [18].
• Positive changes in BMI SDS were associated with rapid PET creatinine equilibration rates (univariate r = 0.35, P < 0.05) and/or large dialysate volumes (multivariate partial r2 = 0.11), suggesting a role of dialytic glucose uptake in the development of obesity [19].
• Cell lysis in presence of SDS and proteinase K followed by salting-out of residual polypeptides by dehydration and precipitation with saturated sodium chloride solution [Miller, S.A., Dykes, D.D. and Polesky, H.F., Nucleic Acids Res., 16, 1215, 1988] efficiently resolves deproteinized DNA [20].

Biological context of SDS

• The deduced amino acid sequence, with a calculated Mr of 34,615, was similar to that of rat liver serine dehydratase except for the absence of a segment consisting of 36 amino acid residues [21].
• Rat liver serine dehydratase cDNA was used to screen a human liver cDNA library in lambda gt11 [21].
• Human liver serine dehydratase. cDNA cloning and sequence homology with hydroxyamino acid dehydratases from other sources [21].
• L-serine dehydratase (SDH), a member of the beta-family of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent (PLP) enzymes, catalyzes the deamination of L-serine and L-threonine to yield pyruvate or 2-oxobutyrate [22].
• Severe GHD was accompanied by decreased IGF-I SDS and increased total to HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, homeostasis model assessment index, and carotid intima-media thickness; normalization of GH secretion was accompanied by increased IGF-I SDS [23].

Anatomical context of SDS

• Under quasi-physiological in vitro conditions (1 mM L-serine and 0.25 mM pyruvate), flux through serine dehydratase accounted for only traces, and that through SPT/AGT substantially contributed no matter whether the enzyme was located in peroxisomes (rabbit and human) or largely in mitochondria (dog) [24].
• SPI6 produced in vitro using a coupled transcription/translation system formed an SDS-stable complex with human graB and did not interact with trypsin, chymotrypsin, leukocyte elastase, pancreatic elastase, thrombin, or cathepsin G [25].
• SDS/PAGE and immunoblotting were also used to assess in situ degradation in both normal and arthritic human articular cartilage [26].
• Serine dehydratase was observed diffusely in the cytoplasm of the original hepatocytes in the periportal zone and was induced markedly during diethynitrosamine feeding but only slightly during N-2-fluorenylacetamide feeding [27].
• However, extract-pretreated rats attenuated in a dose-dependent manner, CCl(4) and acetaminophen-induced increases in the activities of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and SDH in the blood serum [28].

Associations of SDS with chemical compounds

• Study of HSA-SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate) interaction at 45oC and 35oC reveals that SDS affects the HSA structure at least in three steps: the first two steps result in more stabilization and compactness of HSA structure, while the last one induces the unfolding of HSA [29].
• Crystal structure of the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent serine dehydratase from human liver [22].
• L-Serine dehydratase (SDH) catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) dependent deamination of L-serine to yield pyruvate [30].
• In this study we compare the thermodynamic, folding and stability properties of different members of the PAAD and CARD families and investigate structural conformational changes induced by the helix inducers trifluoroethanol and SDS on the PAAD domain of IFI16 and on the CARD domain of RAIDD [31].
• In vitro degradation was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) and immunoblotting, and the cleavage site in biglycan was determined by N-terminal amino acid sequencing [26].

Enzymatic interactions of SDS

• Compared with N2a/vector cells, tau in N2a/APP695 and N2a/APPswe.Delta9 cells was not extracted by RIPA buffer, and the SDS-extracted tau protein was hyperphosphorylated at Tau-1 and PHF-1 epitopes upon BA treatment [32].

Regulatory relationships of SDS

• Conclusions: This large-scale, randomized, multicenter clinical trial in subjects with SHOX-D demonstrates marked, highly significant, GH-stimulated increases in height velocity and height SDS during the 2-yr study period [33].

Other interactions of SDS

• MPO modification altered the migration of apoAI on SDS gels and decreased its alpha-helix content [34].
• The adult height SDS of the IGHD subjects was positively correlated with height at the time of diagnosis and with total pubertal height gain [35].
• The secreted protein had an apparent molecular mass of 53 kDa by SDS/PAGE, lower than that of native plasma LCAT; it was susceptible to endoglycosidase H digestion and was bound by concanavalin A, suggesting that precursor high-mannose N-glycan chains had not undergone full maturation to complex types [36].
• The refolded tumstatin45-132-TNF with a purity of 98% assessed by denaturing SDS - PAGE showed a single band on gels [37].
• Basal ALS values correlated to height velocity SDS and IGF-I and IGFBP-3, after 90 days, correlated to height velocity [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SDS

• Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human serine dehydratase [30].
• Patients with developed severe GHD at baseline had similar age and body mass index and lower GH peak (11.5 +/- 1.8 vs. 14.3 +/- 1.5 and 12.8 +/- 1.1 microg/liter, P = 0.008) and IGF-I SDS (-0.88 +/- 0.48 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.58 and -0.42 +/- 0.78; P = 0.01) than the patients with normal GH secretion or partial GHD [23].
• (2003), who used Western blots of protein complexes separated on agarose gels to analyze the sizes of SDS-resistant protein complexes associated with the yeast prion [PSI(+)] [6].
• Western blots of total brain protein (RIPA) and sequential extraction buffers (high salt, high salt/Triton X-100, SDS and formic acid) of increasing protein extraction strength were performed to examine solubility state [39].
• In serial extractions, there was a shift of dysferlin from soluble phase in high salt/Triton X-100 to the more insoluble SDS fraction in AD [39].

References