Disease relevance of Fasciculation

• In contrast, the associated signs, dysphagia, diffuse skeletal muscle atrophy with fasciculations, and tongue atrophy were absent or mild in patients with low CAG repeat numbers, but severely complicated the course of illness in patients with a larger number of repeat units [1].
• RBP patients more frequently had abnormal sensory and normal motor nerve conduction studies and characteristically had fasciculations or myokymia on EMG [2].
• A 51-year-old man had primary amyloidosis, with typical amyloid neuropathy and signs of motor neuron disease, including widespread fasciculation in limb muscles, tongue atrophy and fasciculation, swallowing and chewing difficulty, symmetric hyperreflexia, and bilateral Hoffmann's signs [3].
• Outgrowth morphology, degree of fasciculation, and outgrowth length were examined on collagen (COL), polyornithine (PO), polylysine (PL), fibronectin (FN), and nonneuronal cells (NNCs) from the ganglion [4].
• The proband had fasciculations, cramps, absent sensory nerve action potentials, an increased creatine kinase level, dramatic enlargement of calf muscles, and a muscle biopsy specimen showing denervation accompanied by true muscle fiber hypertrophy; ataxia and other clinical signs of spinocerebellar degeneration were also present [5].

Psychiatry related information on Fasciculation

• When the steroid was given by mouth for 4 days to patients treated with electroshock for psychiatric disorders, it decreased suxamethonium-induced skeletal muscle fasciculation and shortened thiopentone as well as propanidid anaesthesia [6].
• In XLH, it is likely that the poor developmental outcome of spasticity, contractures and severe mental retardation results from a disturbance of neuronal connectivity, fasciculation, and synapse formation rather than aqueductal stenosis, increased intracranial pressure, or abnormal neuroblast migration [7].

High impact information on Fasciculation

• In vitro, neurite outgrowth on an L1 substrate and fasciculation were impaired [8].
• Eph family receptor tyrosine kinases have been proposed to control axon guidance and fasciculation [9].
• Receptor tyrosine kinases of the EPH class have been implicated in the control of axon guidance and fasciculation, in regulating cell migration, and in defining compartments in the developing embryo [10].
• The molecule, called neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), participates in several aspects of neural development, including the formation of plexiform layers, neurite fasciculation and nerve-muscle interactions [11].
• These cues include cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules that mediate cell and substrate adhesion and axon fasciculation, molecules with contact-dependent inhibitory properties, and diffusible tropic factors [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Fasciculation

• We report here the complete cDNA sequence of F11 130 kd polypeptide, a chick neural cell surface-associated glycoprotein implicated in neurite fasciculation and elongation [13].
• Neuronal migrations and axon fasciculation are disrupted in ina-1 integrin mutants [14].
• The protein designated FEZ1 (fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1) consisting of 393 amino acid residues shows a high Asp/Glu content and contains several regions predicted to form amphipathic helices [15].
• When laminin was combined with polylysine in the substratum, the degree of fasciculation and rate of elongation were similar to those seen on laminin alone, whereas the tendency for clockwise outgrowth was even more pronounced than that observed with polylysine alone [16].
• These edrophonium actions include the induction of a stimulus-dependent afterdischarge and the initiation of fasciculations [17].

Biological context of Fasciculation

• Intracellular signaling is changed after clustering of the neural cell adhesion molecules axonin-1 and NgCAM during neurite fasciculation [18].
• We conclude that Giant Fibre morphogenesis normally relies on fasciculation with its major motorneuronal target [19].
• We have now identified fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 1 (FEZ1) as a protein that interacted with JCV agnoprotein in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a human brain cDNA library [20].
• "Self-taming" of succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and intraocular pressure [21].
• Succinylcholine alone significantly increased plasma norepinephrine concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate from 187 +/- 39 pg/mL (mean +/- SEM), 93 +/- 2 mm Hg, and 77 +/- 4 beats/min to 429 +/- 61 pg/mL, 120 +/- 7 mm Hg, and 102 +/- 6 beats/min, respectively, with onset of fasciculations [22].

Anatomical context of Fasciculation

• A homologue of the axonally secreted protein axonin-1 is an integral membrane protein of nerve fiber tracts involved in neurite fasciculation [23].
• This report describes the influence of neurite fasciculation on two aspects of nerve growth from chick spinal ganglia in vitro: the inhibition of outgrowth by high concentrations of nerve growth factor (NGF) and the preferential growth of neurites toward a capillary tube containing NGF [24].
• Pathfinding by neuronal growth cones in grasshopper embryos. II. Selective fasciculation onto specific axonal pathways [25].
• Using perturbation experiments with endoneuraminidase, we confirmed that high PSA N-CAM molecules are involved in fasciculation and neuritic growth when neurons derived from neural crest grow on collagen substrata [26].
• In insects, fasciclin II is present on a restricted subset of embryonic central nervous system axons where it controls selective axon fasciculation [27].

Gene context of Fasciculation

• Caenorhabditis elegans unc-44 mutations result in aberrant axon guidance and fasciculation with inappropriate partners [28].
• Disruption of the spatial organization of the dri-expressing longitudinal glia accounts for the mild defects in axon fasciculation observed in the mutant embryos [29].
• The development and differentiation of many neurons require the gene zag-1, which encodes a deltaEF1/ZFH-1 Zn-finger-homeodomain protein. zag-1 mutations cause misexpression of neuron-specific genes, block formation of stereotypic axon branches, perturb neuronal migrations, and induce various axon-guidance, fasciculation and branching errors [30].
• The C. elegans hmr-1 gene can encode a neuronal classic cadherin involved in the regulation of axon fasciculation [31].
• Here, we demonstrated the existence of DISC1 protein and identified fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 (FEZ1) as an interacting partner of DISC1 by a yeast two-hybrid study [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Fasciculation

• 2 In the absence of methohexitone, tetraethylammonium produced contractures only at much higher concentrations: these contractures were accompanied by fasciculations and neuromuscular block of the twitch fibres [33].
• Prevention of succinylcholine-induced fasciculation and myalgia: a meta-analysis of randomized trials [34].
• The intragastric pressure during muscle fasciculations was significantly higher in the control group (16 +/- 0.7 (SEM) cm H2O) than in the alfentanil group (7.7 +/- 1.5 (SEM) cm H2O) [35].
• We studied the incidence of fasciculations and postoperative myalgias in 100 female outpatients who had laparoscopy under thiopentone, N2O, isoflurane anaesthesia [36].
• The increases in these enzymes have been explained on the basis of muscle damage resulting from succinylcholine chloride induced muscle fasciculations and by hypoperfusion of tissues due to depression of the cardiovascular system caused by general anesthesia [37].

References