Disease relevance of Energy-Generating Resources

• We found a significant increase in lactate to creatine plus phosphocreatine (lactate/creatine) values, reflecting an imbalance in energy supply and demand or an adaptation in response to ictal neuronal discharges, during and soon after complex partial seizures, but not during or soon after absence seizures associated with generalized epilepsy [1].
• The availability of 'normal' values of adenine nucleotide concentrations in human placenta should permit the detection of 'placental insufficiency' of energy supply, if this condition exists [2].
• This loss of energy supply in keratinocytes could explain, at least in part, the therapeutic efficiency of anthralin in psoriasis [3].
• A correspondingly increased contribution of carbohydrates to the energy supply is suggested by a significant decline in blood glucose and higher lactate plasma concentrations during the second half of the exercise period in overweight patients [4].
• The beneficial effects of D in AMI reported here could be partly attributed to its ability to enhance PGI2 release from vascular walls; D might also relieve ischemia by improvement of local tissue oxygenation, energy supplies and platelet function by its ability to deaggregate platelet clumps [5].

High impact information on Energy-Generating Resources

• We suggest that the redox state of the quinones, which controls autophosphorylation of ArcB, not only monitors oxygen but also energy supply, and we show that the ArcB/ArcA/RssB system is involved in sigma(S) induction during entry into starvation conditions [6].
• Moreover, S100A1 gene transfer decreased elevated intracellular Na+ concentrations to levels detected in nonfailing cardiomyocytes, reversed reactivated fetal gene expression, and restored energy supply in failing cardiomyocytes [7].
• Every 1-3 months, families in the intervention group received dietary advice aimed at adequate energy supply, with low fat intake (30-35% energy, polyunsaturated/monounsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio 1/1/1, and cholesterol intake < 200 mg daily) [8].
• The novel regulation of AMPK described here provides a mechanism by which energy supply can meet energy demand following the utilization of the immediate energy reserve provided by the creatine kinase-phosphocreatine system [9].
• The exocytotic release of peroxidase is dependent on energy supply, as indicated by substantial inhibition (at 37 degrees C) under anoxic conditions or in the presence of dinitrophenol, KCN, or carboxyatractyloside [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Energy-Generating Resources

• Two groups of five conscious dogs received total parenteral nutrition (about 100 kcal/kg body weight per 24 hr) continuously for 96 hr (0.28 g triglycerides/kg body weight per hr, constituting more than 55% of the energy supply) [11].
• In pacing-induced heart failure, therefore, an imbalance between energy supply and demand may contribute to the left ventricular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia does not play a major role, and early treatment with enalapril may prolong the time to development of severe heart failure [12].
• These results suggest that renal GLG is stimulated to supply energy for ATP decrease by ischemia and for further regeneration in extraproximal segments along the nephron [13].

Biological context of Energy-Generating Resources

• Addition of 10 mM 2-deoxyglucose in the absence of exogenous energy supply produced widespread cell death throughout the slice [14].
• Both treatments resulted in an increased energy supply from anaerobic glycolysis as evidenced by a large release of lactate and pyruvate into the perfusate, but did not inhibit paracetamol-induced decline of oxygen consumption [15].
• We tested the hypothesis that an altered flux through energy metabolism is the key regulatory event by decreasing mitochondrial energy supply to rat heart cells by creatine depletion [16].
• Nitric oxide reduces energy supply by direct action on the respiratory chain in isolated cardiomyocytes [17].
• BACKGROUND: Glutaminase, the principal enzyme of glutamine hydrolysis, breaks down glutamine to supply energy and intermediates for cell growth and is present in high concentrations in replicating tissues such as intestinal epithelium and malignant tumors [18].

Anatomical context of Energy-Generating Resources

• It is postulated that neurotoxic compounds deplete energy supplies in the axon by inhibiting nerve fiber enzymes required for the maintenance of energy synthesis [19].
• An important regulator of energy supply and demand in eukaryotic cells is the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [20].
• However, the adenylate energy charge was not affected, suggesting that an adequate energy supply was maintained also in hepatocytes cultured at pericentral-equivalent oxygen tension [21].
• Apparently, the mitochondrion acts to supply energy to the chloroplast during greening, and inhibition of mitochondrial respiration diminishes chlorophyll accumulation apparently through an increase in the redox state of the plastoquinone pool [22].
• Adenosine has been proposed as a key factor regulating the metabolic balance between energy supply and demand in the central nervous system [23].

Associations of Energy-Generating Resources with chemical compounds

• The rate of adenosine production is enhanced when the energy demand is larger than the rate of energy supply [24].
• They suggest that the oxidation of glutamine supplies energy for tubular transport and basal demands such as synthesis of hormones and maintenance of structure, whereas the oxidation of lactate supplies energy mainly for transport activities [25].
• In many organisms, metabolite interconversion at the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-pyruvate-oxaloacetate node involves a structurally entangled set of reactions that interconnects the major pathways of carbon metabolism and thus, is responsible for the distribution of the carbon flux among catabolism, anabolism and energy supply of the cell [26].
• As a result, glutamate removal from synaptic domains and lactate secretion serving the energy supply to neurons would be facilitated and could operate with greater capacity [27].
• Thus, short-term AMPK activation in the liver reduces blood glucose levels and results in a switch from glucose to fatty acid utilization to supply energy needs [28].

Gene context of Energy-Generating Resources

• In UV-irradiated JG-1 (rad1-1), rad3 and rad11 as well as in DEB-inactivated rad7, rad11, rad19 and rad20 the inability of LHR is a constitutive phenomenon and cannot be overcome by exogenous energy supply [29].
• The properties determined for DHRS6 suggest a possible physiological role in cytosolic ketone body utilization, either as a secondary system for energy supply in starvation or to generate precursors for lipid and sterol synthesis [30].
• Other organs also release IL-6 during exercise; however, muscle-derived IL-6 seems to play an important role in signalling between the muscles and other organs in order to maintain energy supply [31].
• The expression of MCT2 in synaptic membranes may allow energy supply to be tuned to the excitatory drive [32].
• These data indicate that UCP3 may have a role for fine adjustments of energy expenditure and that up-regulation of UCP3 mRNA may be a defense mechanism against extra energy supply to consume extra energy in skeletal muscles [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Energy-Generating Resources

• The effect of reduction of perfusion rate on lactate and oxygen uptake, glucose output and energy supply in the isolated perfused liver of starved rats [34].
• CONCLUSION: Epidural analgesia achieved with ropivacaine or morphine does not suppress the catabolic response to surgery, either under fasting conditions or in the presence of an energy supply [35].
• Myoglobin levels are decreased in various animal models of heart failure, a change that has been associated with compromised energy supply [36].
• The beginning of the energy supply of exogenous glucose could be determined quite soon after oral administration [37].
• The baby was treated with peritoneal dialysis, arginine hydrochloride and adequate energy supply [38].

References