Disease relevance of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• The role of subchondral bone remodeling in osteoarthritis: reduction of cartilage degeneration and prevention of osteophyte formation by alendronate in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model [1].
• The effect of intra-articular methadone on postoperative pain following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [2].
• The preoperative diagnosis by the surgeon was better (p < 0.05) than the formal interpretation of the magnetic resonance imaging scans by the radiologist with respect to an anterior cruciate ligament tear, lateral meniscal tear, osteochondritis dissecans, and discoid lateral meniscus [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: In keeping with risk profiles of several other musculoskeletal disorders, such as low-back pain and carpal tunnel syndrome, the results revealed a multifactorial risk profile in which psychosocial factors were strongly associated with disability discharge from active military duty after injury of the anterior cruciate ligament [4].
• That included cases with pyrophosphate synovitis, absence of the anterior cruciate ligament, and severe degree of the disease [5].

Psychiatry related information on Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• This paper is a comprehensive review on the effect of bandaging, bracing, and neoprene sleeves on knee proprioception following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction with a focus on studies that have measured joint position sense and threshold to detection of passive knee motion [6].

High impact information on Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• The bFGF in gelatin hydrogel microspheres was administered to the knee joint once every 3 weeks (a total of twice) from 4 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) [7].
• Ten patients showed decreased position sense of the knee, and of these, seven presented loss of cortical P27 potential while preserving lemniscal P20 and spinal N14 responses to common peroneal nerve stimulation on the side of the anterior cruciate ligament lesion [8].
• Effects of salicylate on chondrocytes from osteoarthritic and contralateral knees of dogs with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection [9].
• Using a canine model of OA produced by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee, we have demonstrated that distinct alterations occur in a 550,000-dalton cartilage matrix glycoprotein in OA canine cartilage [10].
• Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid interference screws: MR imaging follow-up [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• The benefits of intraoperative small-dose ketamine on postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament repair [12].
• Local and intra-articular infiltration of bupivacaine before surgery: effect on postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [13].
• New advances covered in this section include use of creatine, guidelines for the preparticipation examination, sudden cardiac athletic death, pediatric and female anterior cruciate ligament injuries, the female athlete triad, spine screening in Down syndrome athletes, and "boosting" in athletes with spinal cord injury [14].
• This study compared the analgesic effect of intra-articular injection of tenoxicam with that of morphine on postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction [15].
• Sodium hyaluronate (HA) with a molecular weight of 202 x 10(4) (HA-202) was administered into the right knees of mature rabbits for the treatment of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by resection of the anterior cruciate ligament [16].

Biological context of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• In this study, the effects of estrogen and mechanical loading on the gene expression of three major components of ligament--collagen type I, type III, and biglycan--in primary cultured porcine anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts were investigated individually and collectively using reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) [17].
• The effect of estrogen on ovine anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts: cell proliferation and collagen synthesis [18].
• DESIGN: Osteophytes in the knee joint of rabbits that developed OA-like lesions following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) were analysed by histology and immunohistochemistry for NO production, and the presence of VEGF [19].
• Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for a subset of extracellular matrix molecules, proteinases, and proteinase inhibitors was done on samples of scarred anterior cruciate ligament tissue removed during reconstructive surgery [20].
• CONCLUSION: In patients with symptomatic anterior cruciate ligament laxity, intermittent dextrose injection resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvement in ACL laxity, pain, swelling, and knee range of motion [21].

Anatomical context of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• The effect of graft-tunnel diameter disparity on intraosseous healing of the flexor tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [22].
• Integrin display increases in the wounded rabbit medial collateral ligament but not the wounded anterior cruciate ligament [23].
• Stromelysin-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and proteoglycan fragments were quantified in knee synovial fluid samples in a cross-sectional study of patients who had injury to the anterior cruciate ligament or the meniscus [24].
• This randomized double-blind study compared the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of intramuscular lornoxicam and tramadol in 76 patients with moderate to unbearable pain following arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using the patella bone-tendon-bone technique [25].
• Androgen receptors were localized to synoviocytes in the synovium and under the synovial lining, fibroblasts in the ligament stroma, and cells lining the blood-vessel walls of the anterior cruciate ligament [26].

Associations of Anterior Cruciate Ligament with chemical compounds

• Evolgate fixation of doubled flexor graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: biomechanical evaluation with cyclic loading [27].
• Oblique sagittal view of the anterior cruciate ligament: comparison of coronal vs. axial planes as localizing sequences [28].
• Preemptive analgesia using intraarticular bupivacaine and morphine with epinephrine resulted in lower pain scores during the 1st hour after an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction than did preemptive treatment with bupivacaine and epinephrine or placebo and epinephrine [29].
• Initial fixation strength of bioabsorbable and titanium interference screws in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Biomechanical evaluation by single cycle and cyclic loading [30].
• This demonstration of receptors for estrogen and progesterone in the cells of anterior cruciate ligament suggests that female sex hormones may have an effect on its structure and composition [31].

Gene context of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• There is growing evidence that cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL-6, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), and nitric oxide (NO) play an important role in the pathogenesis of bone tunnel enlargement following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction [32].
• A direct measurement of the adhesion between anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or medial collateral ligament (MCL) fibroblasts and fibronectin matrix proteins was achieved by using a micromanipulation technique to determine the force required to detach an ACL or MCL cell from fibronectin-coated glass [33].
• To understand the dynamics of the intraarticular acute inflammatory phase of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured knee, we analyzed the level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ra, and IL-10) in joint fluid samples aspirated from 34 knees following an acute ACL injury [34].
• Three discrepancies were found in the evaluation of the anterior cruciate ligament, two of which were likely false-positive 3D FISP results [35].
• Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Part II. Operative procedures and clinical correlations [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• Intraarticular reaction associated with the use of freeze-dried, ethylene oxide-sterilized bone-patella tendon-bone allografts in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament [37].
• We evaluated the initial bone-patellar tendon-bone graft fixation strength of bioabsorbable as compared with titanium interference screws in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using matched pairs of porcine knees [30].
• We thus tested the hypothesis that premedication with gabapentin would decrease preoperative anxiety and improve postoperative analgesia and early postoperative knee mobilization in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament repair under general anesthesia [38].
• CONCLUSIONS: After three years of follow-up, the objective results of anterior cruciate ligament replacement with a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft were superior to those of replacement with a two-strand semitendinosus-gracilis graft with regard to knee laxity, pivot-shift grade, and strength of the knee flexor muscles [39].
• Current trends in repair and rehabilitation of complete (acute) anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Analysis of 1984 questionnaire completed by ACL Study Group [40].

References