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CASP3  -  caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine...

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: Apopain, CASP-3, CPP-32, CPP32, CPP32B, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of CASP3

 

Psychiatry related information on CASP3

 

High impact information on CASP3

  • Our findings suggest that Apaf1 is essential for Casp3 activation in embryonic brain and is a key regulator of developmental programmed cell death in mammals [10].
  • Here we show that apoptotic extracts and apopain itself specifically cleave the HD gene product, huntingtin [11].
  • Cleavage of huntingtin by apopain, a proapoptotic cysteine protease, is modulated by the polyglutamine tract [11].
  • We also examined the level of expression of CPP-32, a cysteine protease required for apoptotic cell death in mammalian cells, using immunohistochemical techniques [12].
  • Yama/CPP32 beta, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase [13].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of CASP3

 

Biological context of CASP3

 

Anatomical context of CASP3

 

Associations of CASP3 with chemical compounds

  • Additionally, NS-398 treatment increased expression of apoptotic genes such as BAD, STAT1, and CASP3 [26].
  • Apopain, a human counterpart of the nematode cysteine protease death-gene product, CED-3, has a key role in proteolytic events leading to apoptosis [11].
  • A potent peptide aldehyde inhibitor has been developed and shown to prevent apoptotic events in vitro, suggesting that apopain/CPP32 is important for the initiation of apoptotic cell death [27].
  • Like PARP, cleavage of these substrates in apoptotic cell extracts is abolished by nanomolar concentrations of Ac-DEVD-CHO and micromolar amounts of Ac-YVAD-CHO, confirming the involvement of apopain or an apopain-like activity [28].
  • Whether SCA/CPP32 participates in vivo in the sterol-regulated activation of SREBP, or whether it activates SREBPs during apoptosis, remains to be determined [25].
 

Enzymatic interactions of CASP3

  • Furthermore, DNA-PKcs was cleaved in vitro by purified apopain (CPP32), but not IL-1beta-converting enzyme [29].
  • We report herein that p21 was cleaved by caspase-3/CPP32 at the site of DHVD112L during the DNA damage-induced apoptosis of cancer cells [30].
  • We demonstrate that the pro-enzymes of Mch6 and the lamin-cleaving enzyme Mch2alpha are substrates for mature CPP32 [31].
  • MDM2 is cleaved by Caspase 3 (CPP32) during apoptosis after aspartic acid-361, generating a 60 kd fragment [32].
  • In vitro, CPP32 cleaves recombinant gamma-PAK into two peptides; 1-212 contains the majority of the regulatory domain whereas 213-524 contains 34 amino acids of the regulatory domain plus the entire catalytic domain [33].
 

Regulatory relationships of CASP3

 

Other interactions of CASP3

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CASP3

References

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  2. Mutational analysis of the CASP6 gene in colorectal and gastric carcinomas. Lee, J.W., Kim, M.R., Soung, Y.H., Nam, S.W., Kim, S.H., Lee, J.Y., Yoo, N.J., Lee, S.H. APMIS (2006) [Pubmed]
  3. Activation of apoptosis by Apo-2 ligand is independent of FADD but blocked by CrmA. Marsters, S.A., Pitti, R.M., Donahue, C.J., Ruppert, S., Bauer, K.D., Ashkenazi, A. Curr. Biol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  4. Sendai virus infection induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 (FLICE) and caspase-3 (CPP32). Bitzer, M., Prinz, F., Bauer, M., Spiegel, M., Neubert, W.J., Gregor, M., Schulze-Osthoff, K., Lauer, U. J. Virol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  5. Cysteine protease CPP32, but not Ich1-L, is expressed in germinal center B cells and their neoplastic counterparts. Xerri, L., Devilard, E., Ayello, C., Brousset, P., Reed, J.C., Emile, J.F., Hassoun, J., Parmentier, S., Birg, F. Hum. Pathol. (1997) [Pubmed]
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  8. Alteration of proteins regulating apoptosis, Bcl-2, Bcl-x, Bax, Bak, Bad, ICH-1 and CPP32, in Alzheimer's disease. Kitamura, Y., Shimohama, S., Kamoshima, W., Ota, T., Matsuoka, Y., Nomura, Y., Smith, M.A., Perry, G., Whitehouse, P.J., Taniguchi, T. Brain Res. (1998) [Pubmed]
  9. Clinical and molecular findings in the first identified Italian family with dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy. Villani, F., Gellera, C., Spreafico, R., Castellotti, B., Casazza, M., Carrara, F., Avanzini, G. Acta neurologica Scandinavica. (1998) [Pubmed]
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  11. Cleavage of huntingtin by apopain, a proapoptotic cysteine protease, is modulated by the polyglutamine tract. Goldberg, Y.P., Nicholson, D.W., Rasper, D.M., Kalchman, M.A., Koide, H.B., Graham, R.K., Bromm, M., Kazemi-Esfarjani, P., Thornberry, N.A., Vaillancourt, J.P., Hayden, M.R. Nat. Genet. (1996) [Pubmed]
  12. Evidence of apoptosis in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Mallat, Z., Tedgui, A., Fontaliran, F., Frank, R., Durigon, M., Fontaine, G. N. Engl. J. Med. (1996) [Pubmed]
  13. Yama/CPP32 beta, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Tewari, M., Quan, L.T., O'Rourke, K., Desnoyers, S., Zeng, Z., Beidler, D.R., Poirier, G.G., Salvesen, G.S., Dixit, V.M. Cell (1995) [Pubmed]
  14. Overexpression of Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL inhibits Ara-C-induced CPP32/Yama protease activity and apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia HL-60 cells. Ibrado, A.M., Huang, Y., Fang, G., Liu, L., Bhalla, K. Cancer Res. (1996) [Pubmed]
  15. Induction of programmed cell death by parvovirus H-1 in U937 cells: connection with the tumor necrosis factor alpha signalling pathway. Rayet, B., Lopez-Guerrero, J.A., Rommelaere, J., Dinsart, C. J. Virol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  16. Release of mitochondrial cytochrome C in both apoptosis and necrosis induced by beta-lapachone in human carcinoma cells. Li, Y.Z., Li, C.J., Pinto, A.V., Pardee, A.B. Mol. Med. (1999) [Pubmed]
  17. TNF-alpha induces apoptosis mediated by AEBSF-sensitive serine protease(s) that may involve upstream caspase-3/CPP32 protease activation in a human gastric cancer cell line. Park, I.C., Park, M.J., Choe, T.B., Jang, J.J., Hong, S.I., Lee, S.H. Int. J. Oncol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  18. Cell death in polyglutamine diseases. Evert, B.O., Wüllner, U., Klockgether, T. Cell Tissue Res. (2000) [Pubmed]
  19. A primate-specific acceleration in the evolution of the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway. Vallender, E.J., Lahn, B.T. Hum. Mol. Genet. (2006) [Pubmed]
  20. Nonoxynol-9 induces apoptosis of endometrial explants by both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. Jain, J.K., Li, A., Nucatola, D.L., Minoo, P., Felix, J.C. Biol. Reprod. (2005) [Pubmed]
  21. Cloning of the bovine antiapoptotic regulator, BCL2-related protein A1, and its expression in trophoblastic binucleate cells of bovine placenta. Ushizawa, K., Takahashi, T., Kaneyama, K., Hosoe, M., Hashizume, K. Biol. Reprod. (2006) [Pubmed]
  22. p21(WAF1/CIP1) inhibits initiator caspase cleavage by TRAIL death receptor DR4. Xu, S.Q., El-Deiry, W.S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2000) [Pubmed]
  23. The central executioner of apoptosis: multiple connections between protease activation and mitochondria in Fas/APO-1/CD95- and ceramide-induced apoptosis. Susin, S.A., Zamzami, N., Castedo, M., Daugas, E., Wang, H.G., Geley, S., Fassy, F., Reed, J.C., Kroemer, G. J. Exp. Med. (1997) [Pubmed]
  24. CPP32/apopain is a key interleukin 1 beta converting enzyme-like protease involved in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Schlegel, J., Peters, I., Orrenius, S., Miller, D.K., Thornberry, N.A., Yamin, T.T., Nicholson, D.W. J. Biol. Chem. (1996) [Pubmed]
  25. Purification of an interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme-related cysteine protease that cleaves sterol regulatory element-binding proteins between the leucine zipper and transmembrane domains. Wang, X., Pai, J.T., Wiedenfeld, E.A., Medina, J.C., Slaughter, C.A., Goldstein, J.L., Brown, M.S. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) [Pubmed]
  26. NSAIDs activate PTEN and other phosphatases in human colon cancer cells: novel mechanism for chemopreventive action of NSAIDs. Chu, E.C., Chai, J., Tarnawski, A.S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2004) [Pubmed]
  27. Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis. Nicholson, D.W., Ali, A., Thornberry, N.A., Vaillancourt, J.P., Ding, C.K., Gallant, M., Gareau, Y., Griffin, P.R., Labelle, M., Lazebnik, Y.A. Nature (1995) [Pubmed]
  28. Apopain/CPP32 cleaves proteins that are essential for cellular repair: a fundamental principle of apoptotic death. Casciola-Rosen, L., Nicholson, D.W., Chong, T., Rowan, K.R., Thornberry, N.A., Miller, D.K., Rosen, A. J. Exp. Med. (1996) [Pubmed]
  29. The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (p460) is cleaved during Fas-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells. McConnell, K.R., Dynan, W.S., Hardin, J.A. J. Immunol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  30. Caspase-mediated cleavage of p21Waf1/Cip1 converts cancer cells from growth arrest to undergoing apoptosis. Zhang, Y., Fujita, N., Tsuruo, T. Oncogene (1999) [Pubmed]
  31. The Ced-3/interleukin 1beta converting enzyme-like homolog Mch6 and the lamin-cleaving enzyme Mch2alpha are substrates for the apoptotic mediator CPP32. Srinivasula, S.M., Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Zangrilli, J., Robertson, N., Armstrong, R.C., Wang, L., Trapani, J.A., Tomaselli, K.J., Litwack, G., Alnemri, E.S. J. Biol. Chem. (1996) [Pubmed]
  32. A 60 kd MDM2 isoform is produced by caspase cleavage in non-apoptotic tumor cells. Pochampally, R., Fodera, B., Chen, L., Shao, W., Levine, E.A., Chen, J. Oncogene (1998) [Pubmed]
  33. Cleavage and activation of p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK by CPP32 (caspase 3). Effects of autophosphorylation on activity. Walter, B.N., Huang, Z., Jakobi, R., Tuazon, P.T., Alnemri, E.S., Litwack, G., Traugh, J.A. J. Biol. Chem. (1998) [Pubmed]
  34. Oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells undergoing palmitate-induced apoptosis. Semenov, D.V., Aronov, P.A., Kuligina, E.V., Potapenko, M.O., Richter, V.A. Biochemistry Mosc. (2003) [Pubmed]
  35. Proteolytic cleavage and activation of PAK2 during UV irradiation-induced apoptosis in A431 cells. Tang, T.K., Chang, W.C., Chan, W.H., Yang, S.D., Ni, M.H., Yu, J.S. J. Cell. Biochem. (1998) [Pubmed]
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  37. IRF-1-mediated CAS expression enhances interferon-gamma-induced apoptosis of HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. Jiang, M.C., Lin, T.L., Lee, T.L., Huang, H.T., Lin, C.L., Liao, C.F. Mol. Cell Biol. Res. Commun. (2001) [Pubmed]
  38. Binding of caspase-3 prodomain to heat shock protein 27 regulates monocyte apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 proteolytic activation. Voss, O.H., Batra, S., Kolattukudy, S.J., Gonzalez-Mejia, M.E., Smith, J.B., Doseff, A.I. J. Biol. Chem. (2007) [Pubmed]
  39. In vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing two FADD-like domains. Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Armstrong, R.C., Krebs, J., Srinivasula, S.M., Wang, L., Bullrich, F., Fritz, L.C., Trapani, J.A., Tomaselli, K.J., Litwack, G., Alnemri, E.S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1996) [Pubmed]
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  41. Identification and characterization of CPP32/Mch2 homolog 1, a novel cysteine protease similar to CPP32. Lippke, J.A., Gu, Y., Sarnecki, C., Caron, P.R., Su, M.S. J. Biol. Chem. (1996) [Pubmed]
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