Disease relevance of Ganglia, Sensory

• Induction of reactivation of herpes simplex virus in murine sensory ganglia in vivo by cadmium [1].
• Capsaicin exerts both excitatory and desensitizing effects on a subset of sensory neurons during development in the dorsal root ganglion, but it is not known how widespread these effects are in other sensory ganglia especially those not known to have any pain sensitivity [2].
• Leupeptin and soybean trypsin inhibitor which had been reported to induce neurite outgrowth from sensory ganglia and neuroblastoma cells had no effect [3].
• The authors used reporter transgenic mice to test whether sensory ganglia neurons could activate the HSV-1 TK reporter transgene in the absence of viral proteins [4].
• These responses include proliferation of microglial cells as well as hypertrophy and increased levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein around the axotomized motoneurons and in the central projection territories of peripherally axotomized sensory ganglion cells [5].

Psychiatry related information on Ganglia, Sensory

• Cisplatin administration reduced sensory ganglion levels of the peptide transmitter, calcitonin gene-related peptide, slowed nerve conduction in the tail and impaired proprioception as measured by the ability to balance on a rotating dowel [6].

High impact information on Ganglia, Sensory

• Instead, VRL-1 is activated by high temperatures, with a threshold of approximately 52 degrees C. Within sensory ganglia, VRL-1 is most prominently expressed by a subset of medium- to large-diameter neurons, making it a candidate receptor for transducing high-threshold heat responses in this class of cells [7].
• Here we show that all autonomic ganglia fail to form properly and degenerate in mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor Phox2b, as do the three cranial sensory ganglia that are part of the autonomic reflex circuits [8].
• The expression pattern of Brn-3.0 suggested that it has an important role in the development of sensory ganglia, as well as red nucleus, inferior olive, and nucleus ambiguus [9].
• Systemically administered flunarizine enhanced neuronal survival in lumbar sensory ganglia in newborn rats after axotomy [10].
• Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a trophic agent that promotes the outgrowth of nerve fibers from sympathetic and sensory ganglia [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Ganglia, Sensory

• Human thymidine kinase can functionally replace herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase for viral replication in mouse sensory ganglia and reactivation from latency upon explant [12].
• Latent infections of sensory ganglia as influenced by phosphonoformate treatment of herpes simplex virus-induced skin infections in hairless mice [13].
• Latent herpes simplex virus infections in sensory ganglia of mice after topical treatment with adenine arabinoside and adenine arabinoside monophosphate [14].
• In order to test the functional activity of trkA receptors in the sensory ganglia of adult animals in vivo, we examined the ability of a nerve growth factor-expressing recombinant replication-defective herpes simplex virus-based vector to prevent the selective degeneration of large sensory fibres caused by intoxication with pyridoxine [15].
• Positively stained ganglion cells are absent in the petrosal ganglion and very rare in the nodose ganglion, although both sensory ganglia display characteristic distributions of cells immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase [16].

Biological context of Ganglia, Sensory

• Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis determined expression of ASIC1 messenger RNA and protein in vagal and spinal sensory ganglia [17].
• Here, we show that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and retinoic acid (RA), signaling molecules secreted from tissues in the vicinity of peripheral sensory ganglia during embryogenesis, exert synergistic effects on neural-competent MSCs to express a comprehensive set of glutamatergic sensory neuron markers [18].
• (iii) In sensory ganglia, the microenvironment is capable of negatively regulating Krox-20, presumably by preventing the conversion of satellite glial cells toward a Schwann cell-like phenotype [19].
• Although NF1 has been proposed to mediate basal transcription of many ubiquitously expressed genes, our data suggest that a member of the NF1 transcription factor family participates in neuronal-specific gene expression by promoting interactions with other regulatory factors found in sensory ganglia [20].
• Coordinated regulation of gene expression by Brn3a in developing sensory ganglia [21].

Anatomical context of Ganglia, Sensory

• Second, although the expression of certain differentiation markers such as N-CAM and Brn-3.0 appears to be near normal, nerve cells, especially in sensory ganglia, do not mature properly [22].
• Widespread colocalization of estrogen and neurotrophin receptors (trk) within estrogen and neurotrophin targets, including neurons of the cerebral cortex, sensory ganglia, and PC12 cells, has been shown to result in differential and reciprocal transcriptional regulation of these receptors by their ligands [23].
• Immunocytochemical identification of substance P cells and their processes in rat sensory ganglia and their terminals in the spinal cord: light microscopic studies [24].
• In the E5 embryo, all cranial sensory ganglia (V, VII, VIII, IX, X) expressed NGF-R mRNA although at varying levels with higher levels in the ganglia of the Vth, IXth and Xth cranial nerves than in ganglia of the VIIth and the VIIIth nerves [25].
• The mutant phenotype reveals that tfap2a is essential for the development of hindbrain noradrenergic (NA) neurons of the locus coeruleus, medulla and area postrema, as well as for sympathetic NA neurons, epibranchial placode derived visceral sensory ganglia, and craniofacial and trunk crest derivatives [26].

Associations of Ganglia, Sensory with chemical compounds

• Mouse embryos with a loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB4 exhibit misprojections of cranial sensory ganglion afferent axons [27].
• Nerve growth factor stimulates the development of substance P in sensory ganglia [28].
• Extracellular Ca2+-dependent desensitization of TRPV1 observed in patch-clamp experiments when using both heterologous expression systems and native sensory ganglia is thought to be one mechanism underlying the paradoxical effectiveness of capsaicin as an analgesic therapy [29].
• With the exception of 18:3 NAE in rat sensory ganglia, the levels of C18 NAEs are equal to or substantially exceed those of anandamide [30].
• Acyclovir and bromovinyldeoxyuridine both blocked the reaction and the multiplication of reactivated latent virus, and transiently suppressed but did not eliminate latent virus from the sensory ganglia [31].

Gene context of Ganglia, Sensory

• Here we demonstrate that conditional mouse mutants with deletion of numb and numblike in developing sensory ganglia show a severe reduction in axonal arborization in afferent fibers, but no deficit in neurogenesis [32].
• Characterization of neurotrophin and Trk receptor functions in developing sensory ganglia: direct NT-3 activation of TrkB neurons in vivo [33].
• In the sensory ganglia, we have identified two differentiation blocks in Phox2a-/- mice [34].
• Surprisingly, p21Waf-1/Cip-1 is induced in the sensory ganglia of Rb-mutant embryos in a p53-independent manner [35].
• G-utrophin, the autosomal homologue of dystrophin Dp116, is expressed in sensory ganglia and brain [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ganglia, Sensory

• The levels of neurotrophin mRNA in sensory ganglia, sciatic nerve, and skeletal muscle were measured in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat using northern blotting [37].
• This study shows that iontophoresis of tetramethylrhodamine dextran amine, selectively applied to individual peripheral receptor end-organs, effectively locates sensory ganglion cells in two different ganglia that project to these sites [38].
• Since PACAP belongs to a large family of chemically related neuropeptides, we have, in the present study, tried to establish the synthesis of PACAP in neurons of sensory ganglia, using in situ hybridization with a 35S-labelled oligonucleotide probe complementary to PACAP mRNA [39].
• Immunocytochemistry performed on the brainstem, spinal cord, and sensory ganglia of rats by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method revealed a continuous dense aggregation of endomorphin-2-like immunoreactive varicose fibers in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the medulla and spinal cord [40].
• Calretinin-containing neurons which co-express parvalbumin and calbindin D-28k in the rat spinal and cranial sensory ganglia; triple immunofluorescence study [41].

References