Disease relevance of Silica

• Images in clinical medicine. Sand as a foreign body [1].
• Infectious diseases. Sand fly saliva may be key to new vaccine [2].
• Silica dust and lung cancer: results from the Nordic occupational mortality and cancer incidence registers [3].
• Crystalline silica (quartz) induces fibrosis, adenomas, and carcinomas in the lungs of Fisher 344 rats, but certain strains of mice and hamsters are resistant to quartz-induced pulmonary carcinogenesis [4].
• MARCO Mediates Silica Uptake and Toxicity in Alveolar Macrophages from C57BL/6 Mice [5].

Psychiatry related information on Silica

• Intermediate level motion and form perceptions were measured using global dot motion stimuli and Glass patterns, respectively [6].
• In support of this possibility, deficits in the perception of concentric Glass patterns have recently been linked to prosopagnosia [7].
• Perception of Glass pattern structure with stereopsis [8].
• The reaction time (RT) regression lines had steeper negative slopes than those attained by Jagacinski, Repperger, Moran, Ward, and Glass (1980), who used an isotonic controller [9].
• Results were integrated into Glass' model of the role of individual differences in need for personal control in the coping process, and discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the biopsychosocial mechanisms through which some Type A behaviors might increase an individual's risk of coronary heart disease [10].

High impact information on Silica

• There, the BMP ligand Glass bottom boat activates the Wishful thinking receptor, initiating a retrograde BMP signal in the Tv neuron [11].
• Structures resembling remarkably preserved bacterial and cyanobacterial microfossils from about 3,465-million-year-old Apex cherts of the Warrawoona Group in Western Australia currently provide the oldest morphological evidence for life on Earth and have been taken to support an early beginning for oxygen-producing photosynthesis [12].
• Results of a mathematical analysis of models of hematopoietic systems introduced by Mackey and Glass are given [13].
• "The Glass Ceiling for Women in the Life Sciences Meeting", organized by the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), was held on 22-23 June 2001 in Heidelberg, Germany [14].
• Silica particles (quartz dust) are toxic to macrophages after their uptake into these cells [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Silica

• Inhalation of cristobalite and ultra-fine TiO2, a particle causing pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis, caused dramatic increases in MnSOD mRNA levels in rat lung which correlated with increases in MnSOD immunoreactive protein [16].
• Phage recovery by using the slow passing of the eluent depended on the filter type, with recovery ranging between 1.6% for Virosorb 1-MDS filters treated with polyethyleneimine and 103.2% for diatomaceous earth filters treated with 0.1% Nalco [17].
• Filters containing diatomaceous earth modified by in situ precipitation of a combination of ferric chloride and aluminum chloride adsorbed greater than 80% of enteroviruses (poliovirus 1, echovirus 5, and coxsackievirus B5) and coliphage MS2 present in tap water at ambient pH (7.8 to 8.3), even after filtration of 100 liters of tap water [18].
• This work investigated the use of diatomite carriers as a biocatalyst support in a packed-bed reactor where L-tyrosine was enzymatically decarboxylated using adsorbed, non-growing cells of Streptococcus faecalis [19].
• In this study, the flocculating activities of C-L gamma-PGA against suspensions of bentonite, diatomaceous earth, Escherichia coli and Mycrocystis aeruginosa, and against solutions of crystal violet and bisphenol A were investigated [20].

Biological context of Silica

• A modified activated partial thromboplastin time assay for CAC has been defined by using a substrate of Dicalite-adsorbed plasma combined with partially purified sources of Factors XI and XII, and Fletcher factor [21].
• The expanding transcriptome: the genome as the 'Book of Sand' [22].
• Similar results were obtained when these responses were measured in strains where the larval photoreceptor neurons were ablated by mutations in the glass (gl) gene or by the targeted expression of the cell death gene head involution defective (hid) [23].
• Increased manganese superoxide dismutase protein in type II epithelial cells of rat lungs after inhalation of crocidolite asbestos or cristobalite silica [24].
• OBJECTIVE: Crystalline silica may act as an immune adjuvant to increase inflammation and antibody production, and findings of occupational cohort studies suggest that silica exposure may be a risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [25].

Anatomical context of Silica

• A preparation of fibrin precipitated over a solid Celite (diatomaceous earth) matrix that selectively binds 50-70% of the plasminogen activator present in human blood plasma is described [26].
• Exposure of rats to aerosols of respirable cristobalite for 8 days led to a rapid influx of neutrophils and macrophages into alveolar and tissue compartments of the lung followed by a more gradual accumulation of T lymphocytes [27].
• The thyroid receptor binding element (TBE) does not contain any repeats or palindromes but is composed of two different domains, one of which is very similar to the half-palindromic motif described by Glass et al [28].
• In contrast to peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) or splenic adherent cells, DC from thoracic duct lymph (TD-DC) or from spleen did not secrete detectable amounts of IL 1 on stimulation with LPS/Silica [29].
• Methods: Silica particles (2-200 mug/hamster) were intratracheally instilled, and experimental thrombosis in photochemically induced femoral vein lesions was assessed 24 hours later, in association with cellular infiltration in the lung [30].

Associations of Silica with other chemical compounds

• With the use of a novel Silica Sep Pak sterol separation procedure, we demonstrated that 60-80% of the acetonesoluble lipid radioactivity in [5-3H]mevalonate-labeled CHO-215 cells was incorporated into acidic sterols [31].
• Dispersions of silica spheres (aerosil) in octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) liquid crystal were investigated with deuteron NMR [32].
• Diacerein was significantly superior to placebo during the active treatment phase (Glass score, 1.50 [95% confidence interval, 0.80-2.20]) [33].
• Steady-state mRNA levels and immunoreactive protein for manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were assayed in rat lungs after subchronic inhalation of the fibrogenic silicon dioxide, cristobalite, or preparations of titanium dioxide (TiO2) of different inflammatory and fibrogenic potential [16].
• The solution for extracting C-protein contained 10 mM EDTA, 31 mM Na2HPO2, 124 mM NaH2PO4, pH 5.9 (Offer et al., 1973; Hartzell and Glass, 1984) [34].

Gene context of Silica

• Crystalline silica stimulates macrophages in vitro to release interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and nitric oxide (NO) and induces apoptosis of macrophages [35].
• Cristobalite exposure alone led to an increase in monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, and regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) mRNAs [36].
• A collection of 95 independent, spontaneously-occurring mutants carrying amber lesions that affect expression of the beta gene, rpoB, has been isolated (see accompanying paper (Nene and Glass 1982)) [37].
• TNFalpha significantly increased ICAM-1 expression in all cell types whereas SI elicited an increase in peritoneal macrophages (PM) and the cell line, MH-S [38].
• The results showed that all transformants, including eight induced by glass fibers and eight by silica (Min-U-Sil 5), were positive for c-jun protein expression; the level of c-jun protein was elevated 8-21-fold in these transformants [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Silica

• Metabolites of 1,25(OH)2D3 were separated by HPLC on Zorbax SIL and identified by comparison with standards authenticated by mass spectrometry [40].
• Measurement of AFB1 in the samples was performed by radioimmunoassay and was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography using a mu Porasil column and a C18-mu Bondapak column after the conversion of AFB1 to its water adduct AFB2a [41].
• Animal model of human disease. Pulmonary alveolar lipo-proteinosis. Animal model: Silica-induced pulmonary alveolar lipo-proteinosis [42].
• Our morphologic analyses, together with results correlating lavage cell and lipid recoveries, point to the potential importance of macrophages and neutrophils in the epithelial cell response to cristobalite exposure [43].
• Fused-silica capillaries for capillary electrophoresis (CE) and gas chromatography (GC) were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) [44].

References